Retinal ganglion cell synchronization by fixational eye movements improves feature estimation
Abstract
Image movements relative to the retina are essential for the visual perception of stationary objects during fixation. Here we have measured fixational eye and head movements of the turtle, and determined their effects on the activity of retinal ganglion cells by simulating the movements on the isolated retina. We show that ganglion cells respond mainly to components of periodic eye movement that have amplitudes of roughly the diameter of a photoreceptor. Drift or small head movements have little effect. Driven cells that are located along contrast borders are synchronized, which reliably signals a preceding movement. In an artificial neural network, the estimation of spatial frequencies for various square wave gratings improves when timelocked to this synchronization. This could potentially improve stimulus feature estimation by the brain.
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In sighted humans, the Troxler effect is prevented by ocular micromovements (tremors, drifts and microsaccades) that refresh a static image and limit retinal adaptation.
“In sighted humans, the Troxler effect is prevented by various ocular micromovements (tremors, drifts and microsaccades) that refresh a static image and limit retinal adaptation [151,152].”
From Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges (2022) · cites this paper as [151]
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- Authors
- Greschner, M., Bongard, M., Rujan, P., & Ammermüller, J.
- Affiliations
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Ammermüller, Josef
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-03-04
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 341-347
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W2058844534
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- fixational eye movements, retinal ganglion cells, neuronal synchronization, turtle retina, head movement, drift, feature estimation, isolated retina, neural network simulation, visual perception
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Electrophysiology, Eye Movements, Fixation, Ocular, Humans, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Time Factors, Turtles, Visual Perception, In Vitro Techniques
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