The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Base-pair-resolution genome-wide mapping of active RNA polymerases using precision nuclear run-on (PRO-seq)
Open accessAbstract
We provide a protocol for precision nuclear run-on sequencing (PRO-seq) and its variant, PRO-cap, which map the location of active RNA polymerases (PRO-seq) or transcription start sites (TSSs) (PRO-cap) genome-wide at high resolution. The density of RNA polymerases at a particular genomic locus directly reflects the level of nascent transcription at that region. Nuclei are isolated from cells and, under nuclear run-on conditions, transcriptionally engaged RNA polymerases incorporate one or, at most, a few biotin-labeled nucleotide triphosphates (biotin-NTPs) into the 3′ end of nascent RNA. The biotin-labeled nascent RNA is used to prepare sequencing libraries, which are sequenced from the 3′ end to provide high-resolution positional information for the RNA polymerases. PRO-seq provides much higher sensitivity than ChIP-seq, and it generates a much larger fraction of usable sequence reads than ChIP-seq or NET-seq (native elongating transcript sequencing). Similarly to NET-seq, PRO-seq maps the RNA polymerase at up to base-pair resolution with strand specificity, but unlike NET-seq it does not require immunoprecipitation. With the protocol provided here, PRO-seq (or PRO-cap) libraries for high-throughput sequencing can be generated in 4–5 working days. The method has been applied to human, mouse, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans cells and, with slight modifications, to yeast.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools
Li, H., Handsaker, B., Wysoker, A., Fennell, T., Ruan, J., Homer, N., Marth, G., Abecasis, G., Durbin, R., & 1000 Genome Project Data Processing Subgroup (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 · Cited by 62,041
Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform
Li, H., & Durbin, R. (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp324 · Cited by 58,607
Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads
Martin, M. (2011) · EMBnet.journal · doi:10.14806/ej.17.1.200 · Cited by 33,889
BEDTools: a flexible suite of utilities for comparing genomic features
Quinlan, A. R., & Hall, I. M. (2010) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq033 · Cited by 27,437
Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome.
Langmead, B., Trapnell, C., Pop, M., & Salzberg, S. L. (2009) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25 · Cited by 21,849
An atlas of active enhancers across human cell types and tissues
The FANTOM Consortium, Andersson, R., Gebhard, C., Miguel-Escalada, I., Hoof, I., Bornholdt, J., Boyd, M., Chen, Y., Zhao, X., Schmidl, C., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12787 · Cited by 2,550
Nascent RNA Sequencing Reveals Widespread Pausing and Divergent Initiation at Human Promoters
Core, L. J., Waterfall, J. J., & Lis, J. T. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1162228 · Cited by 2,022
Self-citationA promoter-level mammalian expression atlas
The FANTOM Consortium and the RIKEN PMI and CLST (DGT) (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13182 · Cited by 1,982
Cock, P. J. A., Fields, C. J., Goto, N., Heuer, M. L., & Rice, P. M. (2010) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkp1137 · Cited by 1,879
Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: emerging roles in metazoans
Adelman, K., & Lis, J. T. (2012) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3293 · Cited by 1,181
Self-citation
Cited by
Cohesin Loss Eliminates All Loop Domains
Rao, S. S. P., Huang, S.-C., Glenn St Hilaire, B., Engreitz, J. M., Perez, E. M., Kieffer-Kwon, K.-R., Sanborn, A. L., Johnstone, S. E., Bascom, G. D., Bochkov, I. D., et al. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.026 · Cited by 1,883
Local regulation of gene expression by lncRNA promoters, transcription and splicing
Engreitz, J. M., Haines, J. E., Perez, E. M., Munson, G., Chen, J., Kane, M., McDonel, P. E., Guttman, M., & Lander, E. S. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature20149 · Cited by 1,253
From telomere to telomere: The transcriptional and epigenetic state of human repeat elements
Hoyt, S. J., Storer, J. M., Hartley, G. A., Grady, P. G. S., Gershman, A., de Lima, L. G., Limouse, C., Halabian, R., Wojenski, L., Rodriguez, M., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abk3112 · Cited by 411
Self-citationTowards a comprehensive catalogue of validated and target-linked human enhancers
Gasperini, M., Tome, J. M., & Shendure, J. (2020) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0209-0 · Cited by 396
Mikhaylichenko, O., Bondarenko, V., Harnett, D., Schor, I. E., Males, M., Viales, R. R., & Furlong, E. E. M. (2018) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.308619.117 · Cited by 293
Metadata
- Authors
- Mahat, D. B., Kwak, H., Booth, G. T., Jonkers, I. H., Danko, C. G., Patel, R. K., Waters, C. T., Munson, K., Core, L. J., & Lis, J. T.
- Venue
- Nature Protocols
- Published
- 2016-07-21
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1455-1476
- ISSN
- 1750-2799 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-2189
- OpenAlex
- W2498392978
- Cited by
- 508
- References
- 37
- FWCI
- 12.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Base-pair-resolution genome-wide mapping of active RNA polymerases using precision nuclear run-on (PRO-seq). https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nprot.2016.086
- The paper
- Mahat, D. B., Kwak, H., Booth, G. T., Jonkers, I. H., Danko, C. G., Patel, R. K., Waters, C. T., Munson, K., Core, L. J., & Lis, J. T. (2016). Base-pair-resolution genome-wide mapping of active RNA polymerases using precision nuclear run-on (PRO-seq). Nature Protocols. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2016.086
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.