Cited by 411Chromosomal and Genetic VariationsGenomic variations and chromosomal abnormalitiesGenomics and Phylogenetic Studies

From telomere to telomere: The transcriptional and epigenetic state of human repeat elements

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Hoyt, Savannah J., Storer, Jessica M., Hartley, Gabrielle A., Grady, Patrick G. S., Gershman, Ariel, de Lima, Leonardo G., Limouse, Charles, Halabian, Reza +19 more·2022·Science

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

Mobile elements and repetitive genomic regions are sources of lineage-specific genomic innovation and uniquely fingerprint individual genomes. Comprehensive analyses of such repeat elements, including those found in more complex regions of the genome, require a complete, linear genome assembly. We present a de novo repeat discovery and annotation of the T2T-CHM13 human reference genome. We identified previously unknown satellite arrays, expanded the catalog of variants and families for repeats and mobile elements, characterized classes of complex composite repeats, and located retroelement transduction events. We detected nascent transcription and delineated CpG methylation profiles to define the structure of transcriptionally active retroelements in humans, including those in centromeres. These data expand our insight into the diversity, distribution, and evolution of repetitive regions that have shaped the human genome.

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  1. [99]Freimanis GL, thesis, University of Wolverhampton (2008).
  2. [122]Hoyt SJ, From telomere to telomere: the transcriptional and epigenetic state of human repeat elements analysis code: T2T-CHM13, Zenodo (2022); https://zenodo.org/record/5537106. PMC9301658 35357925

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Authors
Hoyt, S. J., Storer, J. M., Hartley, G. A., Grady, P. G. S., Gershman, A., de Lima, L. G., Limouse, C., Halabian, R., Wojenski, L., Rodriguez, M., Altemose, N., Rhie, A., Core, L. J., Gerton, J. L., Makalowski, W., Olson, D., Rosen, J., Smit, A. F. A., Straight, A. F., Vollger, M. R., Wheeler, T. J., Schatz, M. C., Eichler, E. E., Phillippy, A. M., Timp, W., Miga, K. H., & O’Neill, R. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Connecticut (US)
  • Institute for Systems Biology (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.
  • Stanford University (US)
  • University of Münster (DE)
  • Institute of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • Stowers Institute for Medical Research (US)
  • University of Montana (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
  • Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Corresponding author
  • Storer, Jessica M.
  • Hartley, Gabrielle A.
  • Grady, Patrick G. S.
  • Gershman, Ariel
Venue
Science
Published
2022-04
Volume
376
Issue
6588
Pages
eabk3112-eabk3112
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W4225409101
Cited by
411
References
163
Citations by year
2026: 86 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI
43.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (1732253, 1627442, 1643825, 1613806, P20GM103546, 1758800)
  • Connecticut Innovations
  • Stowers Institute for Medical Research
  • University of Montana
  • Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Stanford Research Computing Center, Stanford University
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG009909, R21HG010548, U01HG010971, R01HG009190, R01HG011274, U24HG010263, R01HG002385, U24HG006620, R01HG010169, ZIAHG200398, R01HG002939, U24HG010136)
  • National Cancer Institute (R21CA240199, U01CA253481)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35GM128857, T32GM007445, R01GM132600, R01GM123312, P20GM103546)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R24DK106766)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Keywords
repetitive elements, transposable elements, T2T-CHM13, retroelements, nascent transcription, CpG methylation, centromere, telomeres, human genome evolution, epigenetic regulation
MeSH terms
Humans, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Transcription, Genetic, Genome, Human, Telomere, Epigenesis, Genetic

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