The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tissue-based class control: the other side of tolerance
Abstract
In this Essay, we offer a new perspective on how immune responses are regulated. We do not cover how they are turned on and off, but focus instead on the second major aspect of an immune response: the control of effector class. Although it is generally thought that the class of an immune response is tailored to fit the invading pathogen, we suggest here that it is primarily tailored to fit the tissue in which the response occurs. To this end, we cover such topics as the nature of T helper (TH) cell subsets (current and yet to be discovered), the nature of privileged sites, the difference between oral tolerance and oral vaccination, why the route of immunization matters, whether the TH1-type response is really the immune system's primary defense, and whether there might be a different role for some regulatory T cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells
Fontenot, J. D., Gavin, M. A., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2003) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni904 · Cited by 7,745
Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury
Zhang, Q., Raoof, M., Chen, Y., Sumi, Y., Sursal, T., Junger, W., Brohi, K., Itagaki, K., & Hauser, C. J. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08780 · Cited by 3,812
CELLULAR RESPONSES TO INTERFERON-γ
Boehm, U., Klamp, T., Groot, M., & Howard, J. C. (1997) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.749 · Cited by 2,890
The Inflammasomes: Guardians of the Body
Martinon, F., Mayor, A., & Tschopp, J. (2009) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132715 · Cited by 2,436
Selection of evolutionarily conserved mucosal-associated invariant T cells by MR1
Treiner, E., Duban, L., Bahram, S., Radosavljevic, M., Wanner, V., Tilloy, F., Affaticati, P., Gilfillan, S., & Lantz, O. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01433 · Cited by 1,139
Tumor necrosis factor: a pleiotropic cytokine and therapuetic target
Tracey, M. D., & Cerami, P. D. (1994) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.45.1.491 · Cited by 1,063
Ocular immune privilege: therapeutic opportunities from an experiment of nature
Streilein, J. W. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1224 · Cited by 807
Khoury, S. J., Hancock, W. W., & Weiner, H. L. (1992) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.176.5.1355 · Cited by 708
A Novel Host-Parasite Lipid Cross-talk
van der Kleij, D., Latz, E., Brouwers, J. F. H. M., Kruize, Y. C. M., Schmitz, M., Kurt-Jones, E. A., Espevik, T., de Jong, E. C., Kapsenberg, M. L., Golenbock, D. T., et al. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m206941200 · Cited by 587
Regulation of immune cells by local-tissue oxygen tension: HIF1α and adenosine receptors
Sitkovsky, M., & Lukashev, D. (2005) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1685 · Cited by 518
Cited by
Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets
Murray, P. J., & Wynn, T. A. (2011) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3073 · Cited by 5,269
Disease Tolerance as a Defense Strategy
Medzhitov, R., Schneider, D. S., & Soares, M. P. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1214935 · Cited by 1,718
Disease-Associated Microglia: A Universal Immune Sensor of Neurodegeneration
Deczkowska, A., Keren-Shaul, H., Weiner, A., Colonna, M., Schwartz, M., & Amit, I. (2018) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.003 · Cited by 1,474
Immune Regulatory Function of B Cells
Mauri, C., & Bosma, A. (2012) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-074934 · Cited by 1,249
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor control of a disease tolerance defence pathway
Bessede, A., Gargaro, M., Pallotta, M. T., Matino, D., Servillo, G., Brunacci, C., Bicciato, S., Mazza, E. M. C., Macchiarulo, A., Vacca, C., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13323 · Cited by 674
Metadata
- Authors
- Matzinger, P., & Kamala, T.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2011-02-25
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 221-230
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- OpenAlex
- W2094601991
- Cited by
- 343
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tissue-based class control: the other side of tolerance. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nri2940
- The paper
- Matzinger, P., & Kamala, T. (2011). Tissue-based class control: the other side of tolerance. Nature Reviews Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2940
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.