Cited by 453Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyHeat shock proteins researchRNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Protein export through the bacterial Sec pathway

Tsirigotaki, Alexandra, De Geyter, Jozefien, Šoštaric´, Nikolina, Economou, Anastassios, Karamanou, Spyridoula·2017·Nature Reviews Microbiology

Abstract

The general secretory (Sec) pathway comprises an essential, ubiquitous and universal export machinery for most proteins that integrate into, or translocate through, the plasma membrane. Sec exportome polypeptides are synthesized as pre-proteins that have cleavable signal peptides fused to the exported mature domains. Recent advances have re-evaluated the interaction networks of pre-proteins with chaperones that are involved in pre-protein targeting from the ribosome to the SecYEG channel and have identified conformational signals as checkpoints for high-fidelity targeting and translocation. The recent structural and mechanistic insights into the channel and its ATPase motor SecA are important steps towards the elucidation of the allosteric crosstalk that mediates secretion. In this Review, we discuss recent biochemical, structural and mechanistic insights into the consecutive steps of the Sec pathway - sorting and targeting, translocation and release - in both co-translational and post-translational modes of export. The architecture and conformational dynamics of the SecYEG channel and its regulation by ribosomes, SecA and pre-proteins are highlighted. Moreover, we present conceptual models of the mechanisms and energetics of the Sec-pathway dependent secretion process in bacteria.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.161

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  • E. coli exploits three main pathways for protein translocation to the periplasm: the SecB-dependent, the SRP-mediated and the twin-arginine transport pathways.

    “Like other Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli exploits three main pathways for protein translocation to the periplasm: the SecB-dependent, the SRP-mediated and the twin-arginine transport (TAT) translocation pathways [131,132,133].”

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Authors
Tsirigotaki, A., De Geyter, J., Šoštaric´, N., Economou, A., & Karamanou, S.
Affiliations
Rega Institute for Medical Research (BE)
Corresponding author
Economou, Anastassios
Venue
Nature Reviews Microbiology
Published
2016-11-28
Volume
15
Issue
1
Pages
21-36
ISSN
  • 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-1534
OpenAlex
W2559192784
Cited by
447
References
165
Citations by year
2026: 54 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 26
FWCI
6.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lirias (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Keywords
Sec pathway, general secretory pathway, SecYEG channel, SecA ATPase, protein secretion, signal peptide, molecular chaperones, allosteric regulation
MeSH terms
SEC Translocation Channels, SecA Proteins, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Bacterial Proteins, Cell Membrane, Escherichia coli, Protein Conformation, Signal Transduction, Protein Transport, Protein Sorting Signals, Escherichia coli Proteins

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