The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Transforming growth factor β as a therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis
Open accessAbstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine with vital homeostatic functions. Aberrant TGF-β expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc); thus, TGF-β represents a molecular therapeutic target in this disease. Anti-TGF-β monoclonal antibody has been evaluated in a small trial of early SSc, with disappointing results. Antibodies against the αvβ6 integrin that prevent latent TGF-β activation, however, have shown promise in preclinical studies. Small-molecule inhibitors of TGF-β-receptor activity are effective in animal models of fibrosis. Imatinib mesylate and related tyrosine kinase inhibitors also block TGF-β pathways and abrogate fibrotic responses. The blocking of TGF-β activity might lead to spontaneous immune activation, epithelial hyperplasia and impaired wound healing. Loss of immune tolerance is a potential concern in an autoimmune disease such as SSc. Novel insights from microarray-based gene expression analyses and studies of genetic polymorphisms in TGF-β signaling could aid in identifying patients who are most likely to respond to anti-TGF-β treatment. This intervention promises to have a major impact on the treatment of SSc. Concerns regarding efficacy and safety and whether biomarkers can indicate these features, questions regarding appropriate dosing and timing of therapy, and identification of potential responders are critical challenges ahead.
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Cites
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Self-citation
Cited by
Recent Developments in Myofibroblast Biology
Hinz, B., Phan, S. H., Thannickal, V. J., Prunotto, M., Desmoulière, A., Varga, J., De Wever, O., Mareel, M., & Gabbiani, G. (2012) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.02.004 · Cited by 1,193
Self-citationBiernacka, A., Dobaczewski, M., & Frangogiannis, N. G. (2011) · Growth Factors · doi:10.3109/08977194.2011.595714 · Cited by 1,161
Understanding fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: shifting paradigms, emerging opportunities
Bhattacharyya, S., Wei, J., & Varga, J. (2012) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2011.149 · Cited by 381
Self-citationPathophysiology of systemic sclerosis: current understanding and new insights
Cutolo, M., Soldano, S., & Smith, V. (2019) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2019.1614915 · Cited by 369
TGF-beta driven lung fibrosis is macrophage dependent and blocked by Serum amyloid P
Murray, L. A., Chen, Q., Kramer, M. S., Hesson, D. P., Argentieri, R. L., Peng, X., Gulati, M., Homer, R. J., Russell, T., van Rooijen, N., et al. (2011) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2010.10.013 · Cited by 362
Metadata
- Authors
- Varga, J., & Pasche, B.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Rheumatology
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 200-206
- ISSN
- 1759-4790 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-4804
- OpenAlex
- W2063099598
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 87
- FWCI
- 2.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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