Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins
Open accessAbstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are epigenetic regulators of transcription that have key roles in stem-cell identity, differentiation and disease. Mechanistically, they function within multiprotein complexes, called Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones (and other proteins) and silence target genes. The dynamics of PRC1 and PRC2 components has been the focus of recent research. Here we discuss our current knowledge of the PRC complexes, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.
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PRC2 catalyses di- or tri-methylation of histone H3 lysine 27.
“Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), which catalyses the di- or tri- methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 [351].”
From Transcriptional enhancers and their communication with gene promoters (2021) · cites this paper as [351]
Polycomb group complexes orchestrate epigenetic silencing of chromatin throughout development.
“Polycomb group (PcG) complexes have long been known to orchestrate the epigenetic silencing of chromatin throughout development.”
From Transcriptional enhancers and their communication with gene promoters (2021) · cites this paper as [351]
PRC1 has E3 ligase activity causing monoubiquitination of histone H2A lysine 118 (Drosophila) or 119 (vertebrates).
“Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), which has E3 ligase activity causing the monoubiquitination of histone H2A lysine 118 (Drosophila) or 119 (vertebrates)”
From Transcriptional enhancers and their communication with gene promoters (2021) · cites this paper as [351]
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- Authors
- Di Croce, L., & Helin, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Helin, Kristian
- ORCID
- Helin, Kristian
- Venue
- Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1147-1155
- ISSN
- 1545-9985 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-9993
- OpenAlex
- W2014359105
- Cited by
- 864
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 95 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- zenodo.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Structural & Molecular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Keywords
- Polycomb group proteins, polycomb repressive complex, transcriptional regulation, epigenetic silencing, histone modifications, PRC1, polycomb repressive complex 2, chromatin targeting, embryonic stem cells, self-renewal, cell differentiation, stem cell identity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Chromatin, Humans, Transcription, Genetic, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Profiling, Embryonic Stem Cells, Polycomb-Group Proteins
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