ROS induces NETosis by oxidizing DNA and initiating DNA repair
Open accessAbstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis. Nevertheless, how ROS induces NETosis is unknown. Neutrophil activation induces excess ROS production and a meaningless genome-wide transcription to facilitate chromatin decondensation. Here we show that the induction of NADPH oxidase-dependent NETosis leads to extensive DNA damage, and the subsequent translocation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a key DNA repair protein, stored in the cytoplasm into the nucleus. During the activation of NETosis (e.g., by phorbol myristate acetate, Escherichia coli LPS, Staphylococcus aureus (RN4220), or Pseudomonas aeruginosa ), preventing the DNA-repair-complex assembly leading to nick formation that decondenses chromatin causes the suppression of NETosis (e.g., by inhibitors to, or knockdown of, Apurinic endonuclease APE1, poly ADP ribose polymerase PARP, and DNA ligase). The remaining repair steps involving polymerase activity and PCNA interactions with DNA polymerases β/δ do not suppress agonist-induced NETosis. Therefore, excess ROS produced during neutrophil activation induces NETosis by inducing extensive DNA damage (e.g., oxidising guanine to 8-oxoguanine), and the subsequent DNA repair pathway, leading to chromatin decondensation.
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NETosis induction depends on ROS, the main source being NOx.
“Its induction depends on ROS, the main source being NOx [61].”
From The Role of Reactive Species on Innate Immunity (2022) · cites this paper as [61]
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: A Crucial Factor in Post-Surgical Abdominal Adhesion Formation
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Inhibition of NETosis by a Nuclear-Penetrating Anti-DNA Autoantibody
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- Authors
- Azzouz, D., Khan, M. A., & Palaniyar, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Palaniyar, Nades
- ORCID
- Palaniyar, Nades
- Venue
- Cell Death Discovery
- Published
- 2021-05-18
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 113-113
- ISSN
- 2058-7716 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8128883
- OpenAlex
- W3163218484
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 9.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell Death Discovery (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Cystic Fibrosis Canada (3180)
- Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN436250-13)
- Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-111012)
- Hospital for Sick Children
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Blood disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- neutrophil extracellular traps, NETosis, reactive oxygen species, NADPH oxidase, DNA damage, DNA repair, chromatin decondensation, 8-oxoguanine, APE1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, DNA ligase, neutrophil activation, DNA polymerase beta, DNA polymerase delta
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