A new advanced cellular model of functional cholinergic-like neurons developed by reprogramming the human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line
Open accessAbstract
Modeling human neuronal properties in physiological and pathological conditions is essential to identify novel potential drugs and to explore pathological mechanisms of neurological diseases. For this purpose, we generated a three-dimensional (3D) neuronal culture, by employing the readily available human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, and a new differentiation protocol. The entire differentiation process occurred in a matrix and lasted 47 days, with 7 days of pre-differentiation phase and 40 days of differentiation, and allowed the development of a 3D culture in conditions consistent with the physiological environment. Neurons in the culture were electrically active, were able to establish functional networks, and showed features of cholinergic neurons. Hence here we provide an easily accessible, reproducible, and suitable culture method that might empower studies on synaptic function, vesicle trafficking, and metabolism, which sustain neuronal activity and cerebral circuits. Moreover, this novel differentiation protocol could represent a promising cellular tool to study physiological cellular processes, such as migration, differentiation, maturation, and to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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SH-SY5Y cell line failed to consistently replicate these properties by exhibiting limited electrophysiological functionality and weak or absent synaptic activity.
“In contrast, D'Aloia et al. (2024) found that the SH-SY5Y cell line failed to consistently replicate these properties by exhibiting limited electrophysiological functionality and weak or absent synaptic activity.”
From Primary cell cultures versus immortalized cell lines: critical comparative insights into biological fidelity and translational applications (2026) · cites this paper as D'Aloia et al. (2024)
The Introduction (page unavailable) says that most earlier studies of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells found only low-frequency induced action potentials, with faint spontaneous spiking reported by one group. But the Results report spontaneous activity in the authors’ 3D DMAP2 Mix cultures, rising to 37% of cells at 40 days. The claim captures a limitation of earlier culture conditions but overgeneralizes it to the cell line and the study’s findings. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- D’Aloia, A., Pastori, V., Blasa, S., Campioni, G., Peri, F., Sacco, E., Ceriani, M., Lecchi, M., & Costa, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- University of Pisa (IT)
- Corresponding author
- D’Aloia, Alessia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Death Discovery
- Published
- 2024-01-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-24
- ISSN
- 2058-7716 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10786877
- OpenAlex
- W4390796340
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10
- FWCI
- 6.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cell Death Discovery (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi (5186)
- Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (PoC 2020)
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (M4C2-I1.3 Project PE_00000019, 2019-ATE-0145, 2018-ATE-0117, 2017-ATE-0606)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Keywords
- cholinergic neurons, SH-SY5Y cells, neuroblastoma cell differentiation, 3D neuronal culture, neuronal reprogramming, neuronal networks, neuronal maturation, vesicle trafficking, synaptic function, neuronal migration, disease modeling
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