The DOI matches its Crossref record; 91 of the 91 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Structural and functional body components in athletic health and performance phenotypes
Abstract
Advances in body composition assessment enable a detailed body composition analyses and the respective organization at different levels. Sports-related professionals are interested in understanding how and which body components are relevant for improving performance, prevent injury risk, and monitor athletic health. The aim of this review is to propose an integrative model that links performance, injury risk, and athletic health with body components, and to report their cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. Cross-sectional studies reveal that endurance athletes with higher fat mass (FM) show a longer race time, whereas a higher fat-free mass benefits power and strength-related tasks. Longitudinal studies indicated that increases in intracellular water, assessed through dilution techniques, were associated with power and strength improvements, independently of weight and lean-soft-tissue changes. There is evidence that athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports restrict energy intake, thus reducing energy availability (EA) and compromising bone health (Female Athlete Triad). To counteract the low EA and related negative energy balance, metabolic adaption (MA) occurs to promote energy conservation. Currently, reference values for body composition assessment using anthropometry and DXA are available for a few sports, according to sex. More research is needed to develop a functional body composition profile according to sports-specific requirements.
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“although DXA represents one of the most accurate technique for assessing lean soft tissues it is not considered the state-of-the-art method for evaluating fat and FFM, for which it should be employed in conjunction with air plethysmography and dilution techniques according to a four-compartment body composition model [14].”
Citations
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Campa, F., Toselli, S., Mazzilli, M., Gobbo, L. A., & Coratella, G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051620 · Cited by 315
“However, as concerns fat mass in the four-compartment model, a specific formula is considered the most accurate approach, and it requires the assessment of bone mineral content by DXA, total body water by deuterium dilution, and body volume by air displacement plethysmography [8].”
MethodNew Frontiers of Body Composition in Sport
Lukaski, H., & Raymond-Pope, C. J. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-1373-5881 · Cited by 149
Mathisen, T. F., Ackland, T. R., Burke, L. M., Constantini, N., Haudum, J., Macnaughton, L. S., Meyer, N. L., Mountjoy, M. L., Slater, G., & Sundgot‐Borgen, J. (2023) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2023-106812 · Cited by 148
Francisco, R., Matias, C. N., Santos, D. A., Campa, F., Minderico, C. S., Rocha, P. M., Heymsfield, S. B., Lukaski, H. C., Sardinha, L. B., & Silva, A. M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17030759 · Cited by 89
“The adjustment for the covariates was performed since FM, FFM, age, height [11], and sport category [26] were shown to have an impact on the variables under study.”
MethodSelf-citationCampa, F., Matias, C. N., Gatterer, H., Toselli, S., Koury, J. C., Andréoli, A., Melchiorri, G., Sardinha, L. B., & Silva, A. M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16245066 · Cited by 76
“The analysis of body composition (BC) is a critical component in the sports field, given its relationship to physical performance [1].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Silva, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Lisbon (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Silva, Analiza M.
- ORCID
- Silva, Analiza M.
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2018-10-04
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 215-224
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- OpenAlex
- W2895022728
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- body composition, athletic performance, injury risk, fat mass, fat-free mass, intracellular water, energy availability, female athlete triad, bone health, metabolic adaptation, endurance athletes, reference values, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry
- MeSH terms
- Anthropometry, Body Composition, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Phenotype, Athletic Performance, Athletes
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