Soluble RANKL contributes to osteoclast formation in adult mice but not ovariectomy-induced bone loss

Xiong, Jinhu; Cawley, Keisha; Piemontese, Marilina; Fujiwara, Yuko; Zhao, Haibo; Goellner, Joseph J.; O’Brien, Charles A.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05244-y

Cited by 144Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchRheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies

Soluble RANKL contributes to osteoclast formation in adult mice but not ovariectomy-induced bone loss

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Xiong, Jinhu, Cawley, Keisha, Piemontese, Marilina, Fujiwara, Yuko, Zhao, Haibo, Goellner, Joseph J., O’Brien, Charles A.·2018·Nature Communications

DOI 10.1038/s41467-018-05244-yPMC PMC6060116

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Abstract

Receptor activator of NFkB ligand (RANKL) is a TNF-family cytokine required for osteoclast formation, as well as immune cell and mammary gland development. It is produced as a membrane-bound protein that can be shed to form a soluble protein. We created mice harboring a sheddase-resistant form of RANKL, in which soluble RANKL is undetectable in the circulation. Lack of soluble RANKL does not affect bone mass or structure in growing mice but reduces osteoclast number and increases cancellous bone mass in adult mice. Nonetheless, the bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency is unaffected by the lack of soluble RANKL. Lymphocyte number, lymph node development, and mammary gland development are also unaffected by the absence of soluble RANKL. These results demonstrate that the membrane-bound form of RANKL is sufficient for most functions of this protein but that the soluble form does contribute to physiological bone remodeling in adult mice.

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A mouse model with a sheddase-resistant form of RANKL and no detectable sRANKL levels in the circulation showed no bone mass alteration during growth, but in adult model mice, osteoclast number was reduced with an increase in cancellous bone mass.
“Therefore, to evaluate the form of RANKL that induces osteoclastogenesis, a mouse model was generated with a sheddase-resistant form of RANKL with no detectable sRANKL levels in the circulation. During growth, this lack of sRANKL did not cause bone mass alteration, but in the adult model mice, the number of osteoclasts was reduced with an increase in cancellous bone mass.59”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [59]
Mice lacking sRANKL expression and ovariectomized still displayed bone loss because of the lack of estrogen, indicating that although mRANKL can support most RANKL functions, the soluble form is necessary to sustain bone remodeling under certain conditions.
“However, mice lacking sRANKL expression and ovariectomized still displayed bone loss because of the lack of estrogen, indicating that, although mRANKL can support most RANKL functions, the soluble form is necessary to sustain bone remodeling under certain conditions.59”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [59]

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Authors: Xiong, J., Cawley, K., Piemontese, M., Fujiwara, Y., Zhao, H., Goellner, J. J., & O’Brien, C. A.
Affiliations: University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (US)
Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System (US)
Corresponding author: O’Brien, Charles A.
ORCID: Xiong, Jinhu
Cawley, Keisha
Piemontese, Marilina
Fujiwara, Yuko
Zhao, Haibo
O’Brien, Charles A.
Venue: Nature Communications
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2018-07-25
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 2909-2909
ISSN: 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05244-y
PMC: PMC6060116
OpenAlex: W2884409513
Cited by: 144
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 1
FWCI: 5.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 BX000294)
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R25GM083247, P20GM125503)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR049794)
National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000080)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
Keywords: soluble RANKL, osteoclastogenesis, bone remodeling, ovariectomy-induced bone loss, estrogen deficiency, lymphocyte development, mammary gland development, TNF family cytokines, bone mass
MeSH terms: Animals, Bone Resorption, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Lymph Nodes, Osteoclasts, Ovariectomy, Mammary Glands, Human, Mice, RANK Ligand

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Soluble RANKL contributes to osteoclast formation in adult mice but not ovariectomy-induced bone loss

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