Suicide among cancer patients
Open accessAbstract
Our purpose is to identify cancer patients at highest risk of suicide compared to the general population and other cancer patients. This is a retrospective, population-based study using nationally representative data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, 1973-2014. Among 8,651,569 cancer patients, 13,311 committed suicide; the rate of suicide was 28.58/ 100,000-person years, and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of suicide was 4.44 (95% CI, 4.33, 4.55). The predominant patients who committed suicide were male (83%) and white (92%). Cancers of the lung, head and neck, testes, bladder, and Hodgkin lymphoma had the highest SMRs ( > 5-10) through the follow up period. Elderly, white, unmarried males with localized disease are at highest risk vs other cancer patients. Among those diagnosed at < 50 years of age, the plurality of suicides is from hematologic and testicular tumors; if > 50, from prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer patients.
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Distress results in a 4.4-fold higher risk of suicide compared with the general population in patients with cancer.
“results in a 4.4-fold higher risk of suicide compared with the general population.”
From Web-based mindfulness and skills-based distress reduction for patients with cancer: study protocol of the multicentre, randomised, controlled confirmatory intervention trial Reduct (2022) · cites this paper as [8]
The Results report a suicide standardized mortality ratio of 4.44 among cancer patients, and the Discussion describes their risk as 4.4 times that of the general population. The Introduction calls suicide a culmination of unmanaged distress, but the study does not establish that distress causes the 4.4-fold difference. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn patients with cancer, distress strongly affects all aspects of their lives (eg, work-life, family life).
“In patients with cancer, distress strongly affects all aspects of their lives (eg, work–life, family life)”
From Web-based mindfulness and skills-based distress reduction for patients with cancer: study protocol of the multicentre, randomised, controlled confirmatory intervention trial Reduct (2022) · cites this paper as [8]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says cancer diagnosis, treatment, and recovery take a significant physical, emotional, and financial toll on patients and their families, and describes suicide as a culmination of unmanaged distress. It does not say that distress itself strongly affects all aspects of patients’ lives or specifically discuss work life. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDistress causes financial problems in patients with cancer.
“causes financial problems”
From Web-based mindfulness and skills-based distress reduction for patients with cancer: study protocol of the multicentre, randomised, controlled confirmatory intervention trial Reduct (2022) · cites this paper as [8]
The Introduction (page unavailable) mentions emotional and financial burdens of cancer treatment and describes suicide as a culmination of unmanaged distress. It does not say that distress causes financial problems. Searches for that causal link and for financial burden found no passage establishing it. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDistress leads to decreased quality of life in patients with cancer.
“leads to decreased quality of life”
From Web-based mindfulness and skills-based distress reduction for patients with cancer: study protocol of the multicentre, randomised, controlled confirmatory intervention trial Reduct (2022) · cites this paper as [8]
The Introduction describes the toll of cancer and calls suicide the culmination of unmanaged distress, but it does not say that distress decreases quality of life. Searches for “quality of life distress” and “decreased quality of life” found no passage addressing that relationship. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Zaorsky, N. G., Zhang, Y., Tuanquin, L., Bluethmann, S. M., Park, H. S., & Chinchilli, V. M.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Penn State Cancer Institute (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zaorsky, Nicholas G.
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2019-01-14
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 207-207
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6331593
- OpenAlex
- W2910242363
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 51.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-01-31)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Keywords
- suicide, cancer patients, suicide risk factors, standardized mortality ratio, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, testicular cancer, Hodgkin's disease, hematologic malignancies, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, age at diagnosis, marital status, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Survivorship, Suicide Prevention, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Neoplasms, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Suicide, SEER Program, Risk Assessment
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