Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 420

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Turning main-group element magnesium into a highly active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction

Open access
Liu, Shuai, Li, Zedong, Wang, Changlai, Tao, Weiwei, Huang, Minxue, Zuo, Ming, Yang, Yang, Yang, Kang, Zhang, Lijuan, Chen, Shi, Xu, Pengping, Chen, Qianwang·2020·Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-14565-w
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

It is known that the main-group metals and their related materials show poor catalytic activity due to a broadened single resonance derived from the interaction of valence orbitals of adsorbates with the broad sp-band of main-group metals. However, Mg cofactors existing in enzymes are extremely active in biochemical reactions. Our density function theory calculations reveal that the catalytic activity of the main-group metals (Mg, Al and Ca) in oxygen reduction reaction is severely hampered by the tight-bonding of active centers with hydroxyl group intermediate, while the Mg atom coordinated to two nitrogen atoms has the near-optimal adsorption strength with intermediate oxygen species by the rise of p-band center position compared to other coordination environments. We experimentally demonstrate that the atomically dispersed Mg cofactors incorporated within graphene framework exhibits a strikingly high half-wave potential of 910 mV in alkaline media, turning a s/p-band metal into a highly active electrocatalyst.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41467-020-14565-w

Cites

13 of 13 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 13 references

Research works printed but not linked: 41

  1. Bu, L. et al. Biaxially strained PtPb/Pt core/shell nanoplate boosts oxygen reduction catalysis. Science 354, 1410–1414 (2016). · DOI · Paper page
  2. Zheng, Y. et al. Molecule-level g-C3N4 coordinated transition metals as a new class of electrocatalysts for oxygen electrode reactions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 3336–3339 (2017). · DOI · Paper page
  3. Hammer, B. & Nørskov, J. K. In Advances in Catalysis, vol. 45, 71–129 (Academic Press, 2000). · DOI · Paper page
  4. Xu, H., Cheng, D., Cao, D. & Zeng, X. C. A universal principle for a rational design of single-atom electrocatalysts. Nat. Catal. 1, 339–348 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
  5. Lundqvist, B. I., Gunnarsson, O., Hjelmberg, H. & Nørskov, J. K. Theoretical description of molecule-metal interaction and surface reactions. Surf. Sci. 89, 196–225 (1979). · DOI · Paper page
  6. Hammer, B. & Norskov, J. K. Why gold is the noblest of all the metals. Nature 376, 238 (1995). · DOI · Paper page
  7. Zhu, B., Qiu, K., Shang, C. & Guo, Z. Naturally derived porous carbon with selective metal-and/or nitrogen-doping for efficient CO 2 capture and oxygen reduction. J. Mater. Chem. A 3, 5212–5222 (2015). · DOI
  8. Légaré, M.-A. et al. Nitrogen fixation and reduction at boron. Science 359, 896–900 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
  9. Dunn, M. F., Ramírez-Trujillo, J. A. & Hernández-Lucas, I. Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in bacterial and fungal pathogenesis. Microbiology 155, 3166–3175 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  10. Sissi, C. & Palumbo, M. Effects of magnesium and related divalent metal ions in topoisomerase structure and function. Nucleic Acids Res. 37, 702–711 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
  11. Yean, S.-L., Wuenschell, G., Termini, J. & Lin, R.-J. Metal-ion coordination by U6 small nuclear RNA contributes to catalysis in the spliceosome. Nature 408, 881–884 (2000). · DOI · Paper page
  12. Calle-Vallejo, F., Martínez, J. I., García-Lastra, J. M., Abad, E. & Koper, M. T. M. Oxygen reduction and evolution at single-metal active sites: Comparison between functionalized graphitic materials and protoporphyrins. Surf. Sci. 607, 47–53 (2013). · DOI
  13. Yu, Y., Cui, C., Wang, J. & Lu, Y. Biosynthetic approach to modeling and understanding metalloproteins using unnatural amino acids. Science China. Chemistry 60, 188–200 (2017).
  14. Calle-Vallejo, F., Martinez, J. I. & Rossmeisl, J. Density functional studies of functionalized graphitic materials with late transition metals for oxygen reduction reactions. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 15639–15643 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  15. Edwards, W. D. & Zerner, M. C. Electronic structure of model chlorophyll systems. Int. J. Quantum Chem. 23, 1407–1432 (1983). · doi:10.1002/qua.560230424
  16. Levitt, L. S. Mg–N bond length in chlorophyll. J. Chem. Phys. 28, 515–516 (1958). · doi:10.1063/1.1744178
  17. Rosa, A. & Baerends, E. J. Metal-macrocycle interaction in phthalocyanines: density functional calculations of ground and excited states. Inorg. Chem. 33, 584–595 (1994). · doi:10.1021/ic00081a029
  18. Zhu, G., Li, Y., Lü, K. & Sun, Q. Phthalocyanine-based organometallic nanocages: properties and gas storage. ChemPhysChem 15, 126–131 (2014). · doi:10.1002/cphc.201300830
  19. Lin, C.-Y., Zhang, L., Zhao, Z. & Xia, Z. Design principles for covalent organic frameworks as efficient electrocatalysts in clean energy conversion and green oxidizer production. Adv. Mater. 29, 1606635 (2017). · DOI · Paper page
  20. Kresse, G. & Hafner, J. Ab initio molecular dynamics for open-shell transition metals. Phys. Rev. B 48, 13115 (1993). · DOI · Paper page
  21. Chen, Y. et al. Isolated single iron atoms anchored on N-doped porous carbon as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. Angew. Chem. 129, 7041–7045 (2017). · DOI · Paper page
  22. Koper, M. T. M. Thermodynamic theory of multi-electron transfer reactions: Implications for electrocatalysis. J. Electroanalytical Chem. 660, 254–260 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  23. Rossmeisl, J., Qu, Z.-W., Zhu, H., Kroes, G.-J. & Nørskov, J. K. Electrolysis of water on oxide surfaces. J. Electroanalytical Chem. 607, 83–89 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  24. NEWNS, D. M. Self-consistent model of hydrogen chemisorption. Phys. Rev. 178, 1123–1135 (1969). · DOI · Paper page
  25. Vojvodic, A., Nørskov, J. K. & Abild-Pedersen, F. Electronic structure effects in transition metal surface chemistry. Top. Catal. 57, 25–32 (2014). · DOI · Paper page
  26. Koper, M. T. M. & van Santen, R. A. Interaction of H, O and OH with metal surfaces. J. Electroanalytical Chem. 472, 126–136 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
  27. Luther Iii, G. W. Kinetics of the reactions of water, hydroxide ion and sulfide species with CO2, OCS and CS2: frontier molecular orbital considerations. Aquat. Geochem. 10, 81–97 (2004). · DOI
  28. Deng, D. et al. A single iron site confined in a graphene matrix for the catalytic oxidation of benzene at room temperature. Sci. Adv. 1, e1500462 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  29. Yang, Y. et al. O-, N-Atoms-coordinated Mn cofactors within a graphene framework as bioinspired oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Adv. Mater. 30, 1801732 (2018). · DOI · Paper page
  30. Bezerra, C. W. et al. A review of heat-treatment effects on activity and stability of PEM fuel cell catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. J. Power Sources 173, 891–908 (2007). · DOI · Paper page
  31. Li, W., Yu, A., Higgins, D. C., Llanos, B. G. & Chen, Z. Biologically inspired highly durable iron phthalocyanine catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 17056–17058 (2010). · DOI · Paper page
  32. Gordon, L. M. et al. Amorphous intergranular phases control the properties of rodent tooth enamel. Science 347, 746–750 (2015). · DOI · Paper page
  33. Ildefonse, P., Calas, G., Flank, A. M. & Lagarde, P. Low Z elements (Mg, Al, and Si) K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy in minerals and disordered systems. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B: Beam Interact. Mater. At. 97, 172–175 (1995). · doi:10.1016/0168-583x(94)00710-1
  34. Yoshimura, T. et al. Magnesium K-edge XANES spectroscopy of geological standards. J. synchrotron Radiat. 20, 734–740 (2013). · doi:10.1107/s0909049513016099
  35. Hu, X. et al. Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks as self-template derived nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets for eco-friendly metal-free catalysis. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 244, 25–35 (2019). · DOI · Paper page
  36. Jiao, Y., Zheng, Y., Jaroniec, M. & Qiao, S. Z. Origin of the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of graphene-based catalysts: a roadmap to achieve the best performance. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 4394–4403 (2014). · DOI · Paper page
  37. Oh, I., Biggin, M. E. & Gewirth, A. A. Poisoning the active site of electrochemical reduction of dioxygen on metal monolayer modified electrode surfaces. Langmuir 16, 1397–1406 (2000). · doi:10.1021/la991005g
  38. Cheng, Y., Zhang, J. & Jiang, S. P. Are metal-free pristine carbon nanotubes electrocatalytically active? Chem. Commun. 51, 13764–13767 (2015). · doi:10.1039/c5cc02218e
  39. Thorum, M. S., Hankett, J. M. & Gewirth, A. A. Poisoning the oxygen reduction reaction on carbon-supported Fe and Cu electrocatalysts: evidence for metal-centered activity. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2, 295–298 (2011). · DOI · Paper page
  40. Hummers, W. S. Jr & Offeman, R. E. Preparation of graphitic oxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 1339–1339 (1958). · DOI · Paper page
  41. Li, Z. et al. Ionic liquids as precursors for efficient mesoporous iron‐nitrogen‐doped oxygen reduction electrocatalysts. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54, 1494–1498 (2015). · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 420

Metadata

Authors
Liu, S., Li, Z., Wang, C., Tao, W., Huang, M., Zuo, M., Yang, Y., Yang, K., Zhang, L., Chen, S., Xu, P., & Chen, Q.
Venue
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-02-18
Volume
11
Issue
1
Pages
938-938
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41467-020-14565-w
OpenAlex
W3008165181
Cited by
420
References
13
FWCI
11.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Turning main-group element magnesium into a highly active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41467-020-14565-w
The paper
Liu, S., Li, Z., Wang, C., Tao, W., Huang, M., Zuo, M., Yang, Y., Yang, K., Zhang, L., Chen, S., Xu, P., & Chen, Q. (2020). Turning main-group element magnesium into a highly active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14565-w

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.