Single nucleus RNA-sequencing defines unexpected diversity of cholinergic neuron types in the adult mouse spinal cord
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Abstract
In vertebrates, motor control relies on cholinergic neurons in the spinal cord that have been extensively studied over the past hundred years, yet the full heterogeneity of these neurons and their different functional roles in the adult remain to be defined. Here, we develop a targeted single nuclear RNA sequencing approach and use it to identify an array of cholinergic interneurons, visceral and skeletal motor neurons. Our data expose markers for distinguishing these classes of cholinergic neurons and their rich diversity. Specifically, visceral motor neurons, which provide autonomic control, can be divided into more than a dozen transcriptomic classes with anatomically restricted localization along the spinal cord. The complexity of the skeletal motor neurons is also reflected in our analysis with alpha, gamma, and a third subtype, possibly corresponding to the elusive beta motor neurons, clearly distinguished. In combination, our data provide a comprehensive transcriptomic description of this important population of neurons that control many aspects of physiology and movement and encompass the cellular substrates for debilitating degenerative disorders.
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Digit-innervating motoneurons expressing Cpne4 and Fign separated into two subtypes, one found in limb-innervating regions (cervical and lumbar) and one specifically localized to the lumbar spinal cord.
“For example, we found that digit-innervating motoneurons, expressing Cpne4 and Fign38, separated into two subtypes, one found in limb-innervating regions (both cervical and lumbar) and one that was specifically localized to the lumbar spinal cord39,40”
From A harmonized atlas of mouse spinal cord cell types and their spatial organization (2021) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- Alkaslasi, M. R., Piccus, Z. E., Hareendran, S., Silberberg, H., Chen, L., Zhang, Y., Petros, T. J., & Le Pichon, C. E.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2021-04-30
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2471-2471
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8087807
- OpenAlex
- W3159019277
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 8.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (ZIA-HD008966)
- NIH Intramural Research Program
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Keywords
- cholinergic neurons, spinal cord, cholinergic interneurons, motor neurons, motor neuron subtypes, neuronal heterogeneity, transcriptomic classification, single-nucleus RNA sequencing, autonomic regulation, motor control
- MeSH terms
- RNA-Seq, Animals, Cell Nucleus, Female, Interneurons, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Motor Neurons, Spinal Cord, In Situ Hybridization, Solitary Nucleus, Mice, Single-Cell Analysis, Cholinergic Neurons, Transcriptome
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