Magnesium galvanic cells produce hydrogen and modulate the tumor microenvironment to inhibit cancer growth
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Abstract Hydrogen can be used as an anti-cancer treatment. However, the continuous generation of H2 molecules within the tumor is challenging. Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been extensively used in the clinic as implantable metals. Here we develop, by decorating platinum on the surface of Mg rods, a Mg-based galvanic cell (MgG), which allows the continuous generation of H2 in an aqueous environment due to galvanic-cell-accelerated water etching of Mg. By implanting MgG rods into a tumor, H2 molecules can be generated within the tumor, which induces mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular redox homeostasis destruction. Meanwhile, the Mg(OH)2 residue can neutralize the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). Such MgG rods with the micro-galvanic cell structure enable hydrogen therapy to inhibit the growth of tumors, including murine tumor models, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), as well as VX2 tumors in rabbits. Our research suggests that the galvanic cells for hydrogen therapy based on implantable metals may be a safe and effective cancer treatment.
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Mg2+-activated osteogenic pathways (e.g., Wnt signaling) act synergistically with M2 macrophage-derived reparative factors to promote collagen deposition and bone formation.
“Concurrently, Mg2+-activated osteogenic pathways (e.g., Wnt signaling) act synergistically with M2 macrophage-derived reparative factors to promote collagen deposition and bone formation [36,66];”
From Nanocatalytic magnesium osteoimplants with biodegradable self-adaptive interfaces for therapeutic repair of infected bone defects (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
The Results section on in vivo hydrogen therapy reports changes in tumor immune cells, including fewer MDSCs and more CD8+ T cells, not M2 macrophage-derived repair. Searches of our copy for Wnt signaling, osteogenesis, collagen deposition, and bone formation found no passage addressing the claimed synergy. (LLM, conf=0.78)
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- Authors
- Yang, N., Gong, F., Liu, B., Hao, Y., Chao, Y., Lei, H., Yang, X., Gong, Y., Wang, X., Liu, Z., & Cheng, L.
- Affiliations
- Soochow University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Zhuang
- Cheng, Liang
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2022-04-28
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2336-2336
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9051066
- OpenAlex
- W4225002645
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 39.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20254, 52072253)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Hydrogen's biological and therapeutic effects
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- hydrogen treatment, tumor microenvironment, mitochondrial dysfunction, redox homeostasis, magnesium hydroxide, cancer growth inhibition, patient-derived xenografts
- MeSH terms
- Alloys, Animals, Humans, Hydrogen, Magnesium, Neoplasms, Rabbits, Mice, Tumor Microenvironment
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