The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) and the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of microgravity: a review and an update
Open accessAbstract
Prolonged microgravity exposure during long-duration spaceflight (LDSF) produces unusual physiologic and pathologic neuro-ophthalmic findings in astronauts. These microgravity associated findings collectively define the “Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome” (SANS). We compare and contrast prior published work on SANS by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Space Medicine Operations Division with retrospective and prospective studies from other research groups. In this manuscript, we update and review the clinical manifestations of SANS including: unilateral and bilateral optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal and retinal folds, hyperopic refractive error shifts, and focal areas of ischemic retina (i.e., cotton wool spots). We also discuss the knowledge gaps for in-flight and terrestrial human research including potential countermeasures for future study. We recommend that NASA and its research partners continue to study SANS in preparation for future longer duration manned space missions.
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Fundamental Biological Features of Spaceflight: Advancing the Field to Enable Deep-Space Exploration
Afshinnekoo, E., Scott, R. T., MacKay, M. J., Pariset, E., Cekanaviciute, E., Barker, R., Gilroy, S., Hassane, D., Smith, S. M., Zwart, S. R., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.050 · Cited by 478
Patel, Z. S., Brunstetter, T. J., Tarver, W. J., Whitmire, A. M., Zwart, S. R., Smith, S. M., & Huff, J. L. (2020) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-020-00124-6 · Cited by 373
Self-citationGravity, Microgravity and Artificial Gravity: Physiological Effects, Implementation and Applications
Goswami, N., Blaber, A. P., Valenti, G., Hinghofer-Szalkay, H., Evans, J., Bailey, D. M., Vernikos, J., Choukér, A., Green, D. A., White, O., et al. (2026) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00055.2024 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, A. G., Mader, T. H., Gibson, C. R., Tarver, W., Rabiei, P., Riascos, R. F., Galdamez, L. A., & Brunstetter, T.
- Venue
- npj Microgravity
- Published
- 2020-02-07
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-7
- ISSN
- 2373-8065 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3004834531
- Cited by
- 328
- References
- 79
- FWCI
- 20.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Lee, A. G., Mader, T. H., Gibson, C. R., Tarver, W., Rabiei, P., Riascos, R. F., Galdamez, L. A., & Brunstetter, T. (2020). Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) and the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of microgravity: a review and an update. npj Microgravity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-020-0097-9
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