Eleven-year solar cycles over the last millennium revealed by radiocarbon in tree rings
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Dee et al. found an offset with a 14C depletion of 19 ± 5 y in Egypt due to a shift in the regional growing season (winter/spring) compared to that of the trees of higher latitudes used for assembling the calibration curve (spring/summer); it was later reduced to 12.5 y when comparing AMS measurements with segments in the calibration curve that were also measured by AMS.
“Dee et al. (18) found an offset with a 14C depletion of 19 ± 5 y in Egypt due to a shift in the regional growing season (winter/spring) compared to that of the trees of higher latitudes used for assembling the calibration curve (spring/summer). It was later reduced to 12.5 y when comparing AMS measurements with segments in the calibration curve that were also measured by AMS (64, 65).”
From Radiocarbon chronology of Iron Age Jerusalem reveals calibration offsets and architectural developments (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
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Tree-rings reveal two strong solar proton events in 7176 and 5259 BCE
Brehm, N., Christl, M., Knowles, T. D. J., Casanova, E., Evershed, R. P., Adolphi, F., Muscheler, R., Synal, H.-A., Mekhaldi, F., Paleari, C. I., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28804-9 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationRegev, J., Gadot, Y., Uziel, J., Chalaf, O., Shalev, Y., Roth, H., Shalom, N., Szanton, N., Bocher, E., Pearson, C. L., et al. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2321024121 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Golubenko, K., Usoskin, I., Rozanov, E., & Bard, E. (2025) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119383 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Brehm, N., Bayliss, A., Christl, M., Synal, H.-A., Adolphi, F., Beer, J., Kromer, B., Muscheler, R., Solanki, S. K., Usoskin, I., Bleicher, N., Bollhalder, S., Tyers, C., & Wacker, L.
- Affiliations
- Historic England (GB)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- University of Bern (CH)
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (CH)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Christl, Marcus
- Wacker, Lukas
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Geoscience
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 10-15
- ISSN
- 1752-0894 (ISSN-L)
- 1752-0908
- OpenAlex
- W3118561734
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 30
- FWCI
- 13.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.dora.lib4ri.ch
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Geoscience (publishedVersion)
- DORA Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (Alfred-Wegener-Institut) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (SNF 197137)
- Academy of Finland (321882 ESPERA)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Tree-ring climate responses
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Keywords
- 11-year solar cycle, solar variability, tree-ring radiocarbon, atmospheric 14C, solar energetic particle events, last millennium
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