The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantum superposition of molecules beyond 25 kDa
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In [30], the authors estimate the size of a QPU needed to perform experiments using a human-level artificial intelligence simulated on a QPU as the friend observer at approximately 10 19 logical qubits and logical depth of 10 14 operations.”
From Towards violations of Local Friendliness with quantum computers (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“we can estimate that a QPU capable of running such a simulation could also produce GHZ states with a branch factor of order 10 19 as GHZ branch factors scale with qubit number.”
From Towards violations of Local Friendliness with quantum computers (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“The authors estimate the size of a QPU needed to perform experiments using a human-level artificial intelligence simulated on a QPU as the friend observer at approximately 10 19 logical qubits and logical depth of 10 14 operations.”
From Towards violations of Local Friendliness with quantum computers (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“This is consistent with the current limits on the quantum behaviour of macroscopic objects [76][77][78].”
From Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, gravitational entropy and quantum information (2023) · cites this paper as [77]
Citations
Cites
Observation of Interference Between Two Bose Condensates
Andrews, M. R., Townsend, C. G., Miesner, H.-J., Durfee, D. S., Kurn, D. M., & Ketterle, W. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5300.637 · Cited by 1,614
Models of wave-function collapse, underlying theories, and experimental tests
Bassi, A., Lochan, K., Satin, S., Singh, T. P., & Ulbricht, H. (2013) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.85.471 · Cited by 1,170
Quantum superposition of distinct macroscopic states
Friedman, J. R., Patel, V., Chen, W., Tolpygo, S. K., & Lukens, J. E. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35017505 · Cited by 1,157
Testing the limits of quantum mechanical superpositions
Arndt, M., & Hornberger, K. (2014) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys2863 · Cited by 432
Self-citationQuantum superposition at the half-metre scale
Kovachy, T., Asenbaum, P., Overstreet, C., Donnelly, C. A., Dickerson, S. M., Sugarbaker, A., Hogan, J. M., & Kasevich, M. A. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature16155 · Cited by 410
The Buffer Gas Beam: An Intense, Cold, and Slow Source for Atoms and Molecules
Hutzler, N. R., Lu, H.-I., & Doyle, J. M. (2012) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr200362u · Cited by 377
Piliarik, M., & Sandoghdar, V. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms5495 · Cited by 332
Eibenberger, S., Gerlich, S., Arndt, M., Mayor, M., & Tüxen, J. (2013) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c3cp51500a · Cited by 309
Self-citationFournier, J., Maris, T., Wuest, J. D., Guo, W., & Galoppini, E. (2002) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0276772 · Cited by 253
Lower and upper bounds on CSL parameters from latent image formation and IGM heating
Adler, S. L. (2007) · Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical · doi:10.1088/1751-8113/40/12/s03 · Cited by 223
Cited by
Underground test of gravity-related wave function collapse
Donadi, S., Piscicchia, K., Curceanu, C., Diósi, L., Laubenstein, M., & Bassi, A. (2021) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/s41567-020-1008-4 · Cited by 160
Integrating information in the brain's EM field: the cemi field theory of consciousness
McFadden, J. (2020) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaa016 · Cited by 148
Present status and future challenges of non-interferometric tests of collapse models
Carlesso, M., Donadi, S., Ferialdi, L., Paternostro, M., Ulbricht, H., & Bassi, A. (2022) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/s41567-021-01489-5 · Cited by 136
Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, gravitational entropy and quantum information
Eckstein, M. (2023) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-023-03070-2 · Cited by 8
Hawking radiation and the quantum marginal problem
Aurell, E., Eckstein, M., & Horodecki, P. (2022) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/014 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Fein, Y. Y., Geyer, P., Zwick, P., Kiałka, F., Pedalino, S., Mayor, M., Gerlich, S., & Arndt, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Vienna (AT)
- University of Basel (CH)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Arndt, Markus
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Physics
- Published
- 2019-09-23
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1242-1245
- ISSN
- 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-2481
- OpenAlex
- W2976647396
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 22
- FWCI
- 17.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
- Locations
- Nature Physics (publishedVersion)
- edoc (University of Basel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Keywords
- quantum superposition, matter-wave interference, macroscopicity, Talbot-Lau interferometer, de Broglie wavelength, objective collapse models, modified quantum mechanics, fringe visibility
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quantum superposition of molecules beyond 25 kDa. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41567-019-0663-9
- The paper
- Fein, Y. Y., Geyer, P., Zwick, P., Kiałka, F., Pedalino, S., Mayor, M., Gerlich, S., & Arndt, M. (2019). Quantum superposition of molecules beyond 25 kDa. Nature Physics. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0663-9
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
