Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: clinical observations and potential mechanisms
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The overall incidence of myocarditis in the United States from SARS-CoV-2 infection has been estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at around 150 cases per 100,000 versus 9 cases per 100,000 individuals in non-COVID cases during the same time period.
“The overall incidence of myocarditis in the United States from SARSCoV-2 infection has been estimated in a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at around 150 cases/100 000 versus 9 cases/100 000 individuals in non-COVID cases during the same time period (Table 1).”
From COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis (2023) · cites this paper as [97]
The Clinical observations section and Table 1 support the broad comparison that COVID-19-associated myocarditis or cardiac injury is more frequent than other myocarditis. They do not report a CDC study or the claimed US estimates of 150 versus 9 cases per 100,000 during the same period. Table 1 instead gives 1,000–4,000 per 100,000 for the combined outcome of COVID-19-associated myocarditis and cardiac injury, and 1–10 per 100,000 per year for common viral myocarditis. (LLM, conf=0.80)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe incidence of acute pericarditis pre-COVID in a large Finnish registry of all cardiovascular patients (n=670,409) was 3.3 cases per 100,000 individuals.
“The incidence of acute pericarditis pre-COVID in a large Finnish registry of all cardiovascular patients (n=670 409) was 3.3 cases/100 000 individuals.”
From COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis (2023) · cites this paper as [96]
The Clinical observations section gives a pre-COVID incidence for acute myocarditis, not acute pericarditis. Searches for the Finnish registry, 670,409 patients, and 3.3 cases per 100,000 found no passage in our copy addressing the claimed pericarditis estimate. Page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Heymans, S., & Cooper, L. T.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Mayo Clinic in Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Heymans, Stephane
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Cardiology
- Published
- 2021-12-09
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 75-77
- ISSN
- 1759-5002 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5010
- PMC
- PMC8656440
- OpenAlex
- W4200198501
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 35.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2023-06-21)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- myocarditis, COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, vaccine adverse events, COVID-19 vaccination, risk-benefit assessment, vaccine safety, adolescents and adults
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19 Vaccines, mRNA Vaccines, Humans, Myocarditis, Vaccines, Synthetic
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