Cited by 512Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnaerobic Digestion and Biogas ProductionAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact

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The rumen microbiome: balancing food security and environmental impacts

Mizrahi, Itzhak, Wallace, R. John, Moraïs, Sarah·2021·Nature Reviews Microbiology

DOI 10.1038/s41579-021-00543-6

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Abstract

Ruminants produce edible products and contribute to food security. They house a complex rumen microbial community that enables the host to digest their plant feed through microbial-mediated fermentation. However, the rumen microbiome is also responsible for the production of one of the most potent greenhouse gases, methane, and contributes about 18% of its total anthropogenic emissions. Conventional methods to lower methane production by ruminants have proved successful, but to a limited and often temporary extent. An increased understanding of the host-microbiome interactions has led to the development of new mitigation strategies. In this Review we describe the composition, ecology and metabolism of the rumen microbiome, and the impact on host physiology and the environment. We also discuss the most pertinent methane mitigation strategies that emerged to balance food security and environmental impacts.

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Authors: Mizrahi, I., Wallace, R. J., & Moraïs, S.
Affiliations: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
University of Aberdeen (GB)
ORCID: Mizrahi, Itzhak
Wallace, R. John
Moraïs, Sarah
Venue: Nature Reviews Microbiology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2021-05-12
Volume: 19
Issue: 9
Pages: 553-566
ISSN: 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
1740-1534
DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00543-6
OpenAlex: W3160905321
Cited by: 490
References: 178
Citations by year: 2026: 111 · 2025: 124 · 2024: 139 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 6
FWCI: 9.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Keywords: rumen microbiome, ruminants, methane mitigation, greenhouse gas emissions, host-microbiome interactions, microbial fermentation, food security, environmental impact, ruminant digestion
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Food Security, Animals, Bacteria, Environment, Rumen, Ruminants

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The rumen microbiome: balancing food security and environmental impacts

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