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A tale of non-canonical tails: gene regulation by post-transcriptional RNA tailing
Abstract
RNA tailing, or the addition of non-templated nucleotides to the 3' end of RNA, is the most frequent and conserved type of RNA modification. The addition of tails and their composition reflect RNA maturation stages and have important roles in determining the fate of the modified RNAs. Apart from canonical poly(A) polymerases, which add poly(A) tails to mRNAs in a transcription-coupled manner, a family of terminal nucleotidyltransferases (TENTs), including terminal uridylyltransferases (TUTs), modify RNAs post-transcriptionally to control RNA stability and activity. The human genome encodes 11 different TENTs with distinct substrate specificity, intracellular localization and tissue distribution. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of non-canonical RNA tails, with a focus on the functions of human TENTs, which include uridylation, mixed tailing and post-transcriptional polyadenylation of mRNAs, microRNAs and other types of non-coding RNA.
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“A poly(A) tail of optimal length can improve translation efficiency and mRNA stability.150,151”
From Advances in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine development (2022) · cites this paper as [151]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Yu, S., & Kim, V. N.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Basic Science (KR)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, V. Narry
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2020-06-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 542-556
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- OpenAlex
- W3032039819
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 203
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 1.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Keywords
- uridylation, RNA stability, microRNA, non-coding RNA, mRNA maturation, poly(A) polymerase
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Nucleotidyltransferases, RNA, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Messenger, 3' Untranslated Regions, RNA Stability, Polyadenylation, MicroRNAs
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