The DOI matches its Crossref record; 159 of the 159 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 9 of the 76 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world
Open accessAbstract
The default mode network (DMN) is classically considered an ‘intrinsic’ system, specializing in internally oriented cognitive processes such as daydreaming, reminiscing and future planning. In this Perspective, we suggest that the DMN is an active and dynamic ‘sense-making’ network that integrates incoming extrinsic information with prior intrinsic information to form rich, context-dependent models of situations as they unfold over time. We review studies that relied on naturalistic stimuli, such as stories and movies, to demonstrate how an individual’s DMN neural responses are influenced both by external information accumulated as events unfold over time and by the individual’s idiosyncratic past memories and knowledge. The integration of extrinsic and intrinsic information over long timescales provides a space for negotiating a shared neural code, which is necessary for establishing shared meaning, shared communication tools, shared narratives and, above all, shared communities and social networks. The role of the default mode network (DMN) is unclear. In this Perspective, Yeshurun, Nguyen and Hasson review evidence that the DMN integrates extrinsic inputs with intrinsic information over long timescales, enabling it to represent meaning in a way that can be shared between individuals.
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Claims the paper makes
41 Own interpretation · 36 Not checked yet · 3 Partly supported · 1 No basis given · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“This analysis, although effective in outlining the anatomical boundaries of the DMN, is unable to distinguish subtle task-related fluctuations in connectivity across various experimental conditions including, for example, lying at rest in a scanner, listening to a list of scrambled words and listening to an intact story several minutes long24–26”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Extrinsic responses of the DMN > DMN connectivity is influenced by context and incoming inputs.
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [24] Honey, C. J. et al. Predicting human resting-state functional connectivity from structural connectivity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 2035–2040 (2009). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The introduction (p. 1) identifies the DMN’s constituent regions, and the Discussion (p. 5) reports resting-state connectivity within its posterior medial components. But the paper does not compare rest, scrambled words, and an intact story or conclude that functional connectivity analysis cannot distinguish subtle task-related differences among them. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Partly supportedcites [25] Greicius, M. D., Supekar, K., Menon, V. & Dougherty, R. F. Resting-state functional connectivity reflects structural connectivity in the default mode network. Cereb. Cortex 19, 72–78 (2009). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Abstract says task-free functional connectivity MRI detects the DMN, and the Discussion describes functional connectivity maps considered alone as coarse. The paper does not say that this analysis cannot distinguish subtle connectivity changes between rest, scrambled-word listening, and intact-story listening; its Discussion instead notes that connectivity can vary with task performance. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Supportedcites [26] Simony, E. et al. Dynamic reconfiguration of the default mode network during narrative comprehension. Nat. Commun. 7, 12141 (2016). source
The Discussion (page not provided) says standard within-brain FC analyses yielded similar averaged DMN correlation patterns during rest, word scramble, and the intact story, whereas ISFC revealed reliable stimulus-related differences. This supports the claim about standard FC's inability to distinguish the subtle differences in the conditions studied. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“At the apex of the processing hierarchy, the neural response of the DMN to each sentence is influenced by prior information accumulated over many minutes15,20,21,23.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Extrinsic responses of the DMN > DMN activity is influenced by context and incoming inputs.
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [15] Hasson, U., Chen, J. & Honey, C. J. Hierarchical process memory: memory as an integral component of information processing. Trends Cogn. Sci. 19, 304–313 (2015). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In “Process Memory and the Medial Temporal Lobe” (page unavailable), the paper says responses in areas at the top of the hierarchy seem to be influenced by information accumulated over many minutes, and that these areas overlap broadly with the DMN. It does not state this categorically for the DMN’s response to each sentence; that wording is more specific and less qualified than the source. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Partly supportedcites [20] Hasson, U., Yang, E., Vallines, I., Heeger, D. J. & Rubin, N. A hierarchy of temporal receptive windows in human cortex. J. Neurosci. 28, 2539–2550 (2008). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion reports a hierarchy in which responses in the precuneus reflect information accumulated over about 12 seconds, and responses in LS, TPJ, and FEF over about 36 seconds. The study used silent films; it does not establish that the default mode network’s response to each sentence depends on information accumulated over many minutes. (LLM, conf=0.88)
- Partly supportedcites [21] Lerner, Y., Honey, C. J., Silbert, L. J. & Hasson, U. Topographic mapping of a hierarchy of temporal receptive windows using a narrated story. J. Neurosci. 31, 2906–2915 (2011). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In “The longest TRWs were observed in the precuneus and frontal areas” (page unavailable), the paper reports that the precuneus and mPFC responded reliably only to information coherent over long time scales; the Conclusion says high-order areas can accumulate information over many minutes. Our copy does not identify these areas as the DMN or establish that the DMN’s response to each sentence is influenced by information accumulated over many minutes. (LLM, conf=0.82)
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, the DMN should not be considered an intrinsic system active only during internally oriented or stimulus-independent processes.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The DMN is sensitive to long-term memories.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to long-term memories.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“to demonstrate how an individual’s DMN neural responses are influenced both by external information accumulated as events unfold over time and by the individual’s idiosyncratic past memories and knowledge.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The integration of extrinsic and intrinsic information over long timescales provides a space for negotiating a shared neural code, which is necessary for establishing shared meaning, shared communication tools, shared narratives and, above all, shared communities and social networks.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: unclear — It is unclear whether it could be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, the DMN should not be considered an extrinsic system, sensitive only to incoming sensory information.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Greater similarity in the interpretation of the ambiguous shape animation (as reported by each of the participants) was associated with greater similarity in neural response in DMN regions across participants.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to individual differences in interpretation.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] Nguyen, M., Vanderwal, T. & Hasson, U. Shared understanding of narratives is correlated with shared neural responses. NeuroImage 184, 161–170 (2019). source
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Crucially, although attention can modulate responses in the DMN, it cannot, in isolation, account for the results described above.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Extrinsic responses of the DMN > Integration in the DMN is modulated by attention.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [46] Chen, J. et al. Shared memories reveal shared structure in neural activity across individuals. Nat. Neurosci. 20, 115–125 (2016). source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“DMN responses are modulated by prior beliefs.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > DMN responses are modulated by prior beliefs.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [47] Yeshurun, Y. et al. Same story, different story: the neural representation of interpretive frameworks. Psychological Sci. 28, 307–319 (2017). source
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 17
- Probably not a substantial claim. 11
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Similar studies have reported that increased alignment in neural response across subjects in the DMN is correlated with the similarity in interpretation of spoken narratives69, similarity in emotional response over time during spoken narratives70, similarity in humour perception over time71, similarity in socio-sexual desire while watching erotic movies72 and similarity in moral decision-making73,”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to individual differences in interpretation.
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [69] Saalasti, S. et al. Inferior parietal lobule and early visual areas support elicitation of individualized meanings during narrative listening. Brain Behav. 9, e01288 (2019). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report that subjects with more similar interpretations of a spoken narrative had more similar brain activity in the inferior parietal lobule and occipital pole. The paper does not identify this finding as alignment across the default mode network as a whole. The later examples in the citing sentence carry separate citations and are not attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)
- Partly supportedcites [70] Smirnov, D. et al. Emotions amplify speaker–listener neural alignment. Hum. Brain Mapp. 40, 4777–4788 (2019). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (§3.3; page unavailable) link similarity in speakers’ and listeners’ emotional responses during narratives to increased neural synchronization, including in the ACC and precuneus. The paper reports effects in specific regions, however, rather than establishing increased alignment across the default mode network as a whole. The other activities in the citing sentence have separate citations and are not attributed to this paper. (LLM, conf=0.84)
- Partly supportedcites [71] Jääskeläinen, I. P. et al. Brain hemodynamic activity during viewing and re-viewing of comedy movies explained by experienced humor. Sci. Rep. 6, 27741 (2016). sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Citation 71 supports the humour-perception part of the sentence: the Results report that similarity in self-rated humorousness explained inter-subject correlation of hemodynamic activity in several brain regions. The paper does not identify that finding as an effect across the default mode network. The other experiences in the sentence are attached to other citations, not this one. (LLM, conf=0.84)
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The finding that responses in the DMN are shaped by our long-term memories and beliefs raises the intriguing possibility that individual differences in the way we perceive the world can account for individual differences in DMN responses.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to individual differences in interpretation.
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, at the same time, our knowledge, memories and beliefs are shaped by the people we are connected to and the world in which we are immersed (Fig. 1b).”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The ability to integrate information over days is necessary for building schemas, a mental codification of experience.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN represents acquired schemas.
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As the activity in the DMN is shaped by our unique history, it is by nature idiosyncratic.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“This result suggests that the responses in the DMN can be shaped by information accumulated across many minutes during uninterrupted viewing (short-term context) as well as by information gathered over days (as in the long-term context group) — and, conceivably, even years.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to long-term memories.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [55] Chen, J. et al. Accessing real-life episodic information from minutes versus hours earlier modulates hippocampal and high-order cortical dynamics. Cereb. Cortex 26, 3428–3441 (2015). source
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Inter-subject correlation in the DMN was greater among participants who had the background knowledge to interpret the clip than among participants who did not. Crucially, responses in the DMN were similar across the short-term context and the long-term context groups”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Intrinsic responses of the DMN > The DMN is sensitive to long-term memories.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [55] Chen, J. et al. Accessing real-life episodic information from minutes versus hours earlier modulates hippocampal and high-order cortical dynamics. Cereb. Cortex 26, 3428–3441 (2015). source
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The DMN, which includes the posterior medial cortex, medial prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction1–3”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [1] Buckner, R. L. & DiNicola, L. M. The brain’s default network: updated anatomy, physiology and evolving insights. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 20, 593–608 (2019). source
- Not checked yetcites [2] Raichle, M. E. The brain’s default mode network. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 38, 433–447 (2015). source
- Not checked yetcites [3] Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Reidler, J. S., Sepulcre, J., Poulin, R. & Buckner, R. L. Functional-anatomic fractionation of the brain’s default network. Neuron 65, 550–562 (2010). source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Second, we argue that activity in the DMN is nonetheless sensitive to intrinsic information (long-term memories, conditional responses, beliefs, emotions and so on), which influences and interacts with the interpretation and processing of incoming external information (bottom arrow in Fig. 1a).”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“within-brain functional connectivity patterns are heavily influenced by direct and indirect anatomical wiring, but are less sensitive for isolating spontaneous activity (for example, during rest) from stimulus-locked activity that propagates through the network as during processing of extrinsic information26,28.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Extrinsic responses of the DMN > DMN connectivity is influenced by context and incoming inputs.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Simony, E. et al. Dynamic reconfiguration of the default mode network during narrative comprehension. Nat. Commun. 7, 12141 (2016). source
- Not checked yetcites [28] Nastase, S. A., Liu, Y.-F., Hillman, H., Norman, K. A. & Hasson, U. Leveraging shared connectivity to aggregate heterogeneous datasets into a common response space. NeuroImage 15, 116865 (2020). source
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we argue that the DMN provides a space for social ‘others’ (the extrinsic people we interact with) to shape the self (our set of intrinsic memories and beliefs), which in turn can enable us to shape the memories and beliefs of others.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: unclear — It is unclear whether it could be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“DMN responses are locked to the content of the stimuli over long timescales. At the same time, they are relatively invariant to even dramatic changes in low-level stimulus properties that do not change the interpretation (meaning) of the stimuli.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Extrinsic responses of the DMN > Integration in the DMN depends on the content, not form, of external input.
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Making sense of the world is a dynamic, ever-changing process requiring the integration of incoming information with prior knowledge about the situation over multiple timescales.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Abstract
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Here, we propose that the shared representation in the DMN arises from dynamical social interaction between the self and others.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“A later study using fNIRS identified conversational ‘leaders’ that emerge naturally in group discussions and used Granger causality analysis to show that the leader’s neural activity more strongly predicted the followers’ neural activity than vice versa101.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > One-way versus two-way communication.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [101] Jiang, J. et al. Leader emergence through interpersonal neural synchronization. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 4274–4279 (2015). source
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“this approach showed that face-to-face communication elicits greater brain–brain coupling than does back-to-back communication100, suggesting a role of non-verbal signals in enhancing communication and neural alignment.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > One-way versus two-way communication.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [100] Jiang, J. et al. Neural synchronization during face-to-face communication. J. Neurosci. 32, 16064–16069 (2012). source
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Together, these findings suggest that that caregiver–child DMN coupling emerges early in development and likely plays a role in learning and language acquisition.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > The emergence of shared understanding.
hedgedstates a possible cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“By contrast, in language areas and the DMN, the responses in the listeners’ brains lagged behind the responses in the speaker’s brain, suggesting that responses in the speaker’s brain causally shaped the responses in the listeners’ brains.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > Brain–brain coupling between speakers and listeners.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [86] Stephens, G. J., Silbert, L. J. & Hasson, U. Speaker–listener neural coupling underlies successful communication. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 14425–14430 (2010). source
hedgedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Group-level differences in neural responses between cultures have also been observed during processing of culturally relevant stimuli, such as stories describing protected collectivist values, that may be related to the degree of identification with the culture120,121.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > Social networks shape shared understanding.
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [120] Kaplan, J. T. et al. Processing narratives concerning protected values: a cross-cultural investigation of neural correlates. Cereb. Cortex 27, 1428–1438 (2017).
- Not checked yetcites [121] Levy, J. et al. Adolescents growing up amidst intractable conflict attenuate brain response to pain of outgroup. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 13696–13701 (2016). source
hedgedstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this Perspective, we argue that we are able to shape and be shaped by others in part because activity in the DMN is capable of both shaping other brains’ responses and being shaped by the actions of other brains during social interaction.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Conclusions
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Perhaps one of the most intriguing findings across these studies is the discovery of neural patterns in the DMN that are shared across participants and aligned to the abstract structure and interpretation of the external events.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > An active sense-making network
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Rather, we suggest that the DMN is ‘default’ because it is central for integrating external and internal information, allowing for shared communication and alignment tools, shared meanings, shared narratives and, above all, shared communities and social networks.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Conclusions
hedgedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sharing stories and building collaborations further enhance such coupling.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Conclusions
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Developing shared ways to understand and act in the world is an evolving communal effort in which we synthesize our intrinsic idiosyncratic perspectives and actions with the extrinsic perspectives and actions of others.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Conclusions
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this Perspective, we argue that the DMN is ‘default’ not because it is engaged when we are looking inward, nor because it is shaped by others.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > Conclusions
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Naturalistic stimuli such as stories and movies engage the same default mode network processes that operate during real-world social interaction.
“These findings also highlight the importance of studying the brain’s dynamics under temporally extended, ecological conditions29.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sensory areas produce shared neural activity because they tend to align with low-level perceptual features of external stimuli.
“Shared neural activity at the sensory level naturally arises from the tendency of these areas to align with the low-level perceptual properties of the external stimuli.”
The paper relies on this without support.
A given situation can be conveyed through speech, writing or abstract animated shapes.
“The same situation can be described using spoken words, written text or abstract animated shapes.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Across contexts, the same situation can carry very different meanings tied to different actions.
“Conversely, the same situation can have markedly different meanings associated with different actions across different contexts.”
The paper relies on this without support.
In formal education, new and sometimes technical information has to pass from an expert's brain to novices' brains.
“In such contexts, novel, sometimes jargonized, information must be transmitted from an expert’s brain to novices’ brains.”
The paper relies on this without support.
A central feature of formal teaching and learning is the growth of shared understanding of concepts.
“The development of shared understanding of concepts is also the hallmark of teaching and learning in formal education.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The journey of Anonymized-MOOC-Platform-CL members through stimulating disruptions, resolving conflicts, and creating new operational models indeed reflects the core of Engeström's Activity Theory and even the novel discovery of neuro-alignment among team members through social interaction (Yeshurun et al., 2021).”
From Transforming Online Teacher Training Through Expansive Learning: A Case Study Applying Cultural-Historical Activity Theory and the Change Laboratory Method (2025) · cites this paper as Yeshurun et al., 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“An innovative research direction using naturalistic stimuli has demonstrated that ongoing DMN activity of two individuals becomes synchronized when they process shared narratives, with DMN synchronization being particularly sensitive to social communicative cues. 47”
From 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In summary, the DMN consistently responds to various aspects of social content and context, encompassing the consideration of mental states, making inferences about others' mental states, and establishing shared meaning and narratives about the self in the world. 47”
From 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. (2023) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“Rather, humans operate an online mechanism for accumulating information and integrating it into a broader contextual memory, which is changed and updated as the story unfolds17,18.”
From Incremental accumulation of linguistic context in artificial and biological neural networks (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > The DMN in social interaction > The emergence of shared understanding.
“between caregivers and infants as young as 9–10 months old1–3.”
§ The default mode network: where the idiosyncratic self meets the shared social world > References
“1. Buckner RL & DiNicola LM The brain’s default network: updated anatomy, physiology and evolving insights. Nat. Rev. Neurosci 20, 593– 608 (2019).”
Citations
Cites
Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat’s visual cortex
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1962) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006837 · Cited by 13,680
A default mode of brain function
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.98.2.676 · Cited by 12,190
The Brain's Default Network: Anatomy, Function, and Relevance to Disease
Buckner, R. L., Andrews‐Hanna, J. R., & Schacter, D. L. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.011 · Cited by 9,761
LOSS OF RECENT MEMORY AFTER BILATERAL HIPPOCAMPAL LESIONS
Scoville, W. B., & Milner, B. (1957) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11 · Cited by 7,322
Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis
Greicius, M. D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A. L., & Menon, V. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0135058100 · Cited by 6,358
The brain's default mode network
Raichle, M. E. (2015) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030 · Cited by 3,904
Meeting of minds: the medial frontal cortex and social cognition
Amodio, D. M., & Frith, C. D. (2006) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1884 · Cited by 3,782
An Experimental Study of Apparent Behavior
Heider, F., & Simmel, M. (1944) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1416950 · Cited by 3,340
Predicting human resting-state functional connectivity from structural connectivity
Honey, C. J., Sporns, O., Cammoun, L., Gigandet, X., Thiran, J. P., Meuli, R., & Hagmann, P. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0811168106 · Cited by 3,307
Gusnard, D. A., Akbudak, E., Shulman, G. L., & Raichle, M. E. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.071043098 · Cited by 2,997
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Serre, T. in Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience (eds Jaeger, D. & Jung, R.) 1–12 (Springer, 2013).
- Dodel, S. et al. in Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Directing the Future of Adaptive Systems (eds Schmorrow, D. D. & Fidopiastis, C. M.) 288–297 (Springer, 2011).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis.
Menon, V. (2023) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.023 · Cited by 934
“…98 with neural patterns that generalize across both internally and externally driven boundaries being most strongly observed in the PCC and RSC. 47,72,99 The mechanisms by which neural representations may be transmitted and integrated to create new global states in the human brain are not yet…”
BackgroundInfluentialA Synergistic Core for Human Brain Evolution and Cognition
Luppi, A. I., Mediano, P. A. M., Rosas, F. E., Holland, N., Fryer, T. D., O’Brien, J. T., Rowe, J. B., Menon, D. K., Bor, D., & Stamatakis, E. A. (2022) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-022-01070-0 · Cited by 314
Default Mode Network Modulation by Psychedelics: A Systematic Review
Gattuso, J. J., Perkins, D., Ruffell, S., Lawrence, A. J., Hoyer, D., Jacobson, L. H., Timmermann, C., Castle, D., Rossell, S. L., Downey, L. A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyac074 · Cited by 256
Intrinsic neural timescales: temporal integration and segregation
Wolff, A., Berberian, N., Golesorkhi, M., Gómez‐Pilar, J., Zilio, F., & Northoff, G. (2022) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2021.11.007 · Cited by 250
The brain and its time: intrinsic neural timescales are key for input processing
Golesorkhi, M., Gomez-Pilar, J., Zilio, F., Berberian, N., Wolff, A., Yagoub, M. C. E., & Northoff, G. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02483-6 · Cited by 198
Metadata
- Authors
- Yeshurun, Y., Nguyen, M., & Hasson, U.
- Affiliations
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Yeshurun, Yaara
- Hasson, Uri
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2021-01-22
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 181-192
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- PMC
- PMC7959111
- OpenAlex
- W3124266865
- Semantic Scholar
- 8e557932685d74b99d485eb4e7caccac4dc1394a
- Cited by
- 682
- References
- 156
- Citations by year
- 2026: 94 · 2025: 141 · 2024: 148 · 2023: 125 · 2022: 127 · 2021: 44
- FWCI
- 16.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH112566)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (DP1HD091948)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- default mode network, extrinsic information, sensemaking, shared meaning, social cognition, memory integration, narrative comprehension, naturalistic stimuli, social networks
- MeSH terms
- Default Mode Network, Animals, Cognition, Communication, Ego, Humans, Nerve Net, Nervous System Physiological Phenomena, Neural Pathways
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-05, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-05 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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