The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Parkin and PINK1 mitigate STING-induced inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Although serum from patients with Parkinson's disease contains elevated levels of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF, IL-1β, and IFNγ, whether inflammation contributes to or is a consequence of neuronal loss remains unknown 1. Mutations in parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and PINK1, a ubiquitin kinase, cause early onset Parkinson's disease 2,3. Both PINK1 and parkin function within the same biochemical pathway and remove damaged mitochondria from cells in culture and in animal models via mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy 4. The in vivo role of mitophagy, however, is unclear, partly because mice that lack either PINK1 or parkin have no substantial Parkinson's-disease-relevant phenotypes 5-7. Mitochondrial stress can lead to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that can activate innate immunity 8-12, suggesting that mitophagy may mitigate inflammation. Here we report a strong inflammatory phenotype in both Prkn-/- and Pink1-/- mice following exhaustive exercise and in Prkn-/-;mutator mice, which accumulate mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)13,14. Inflammation resulting from either exhaustive exercise or mtDNA mutation is completely rescued by concurrent loss of STING, a central regulator of the type I interferon response to cytosolic DNA 15,16. The loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra pars compacta and the motor defect observed in aged Prkn-/-;mutator mice are also rescued by loss of STING, suggesting that inflammation facilitates this phenotype. Humans with mono- and biallelic PRKN mutations also display elevated cytokines. These results support a role for PINK1- and parkin-mediated mitophagy in restraining innate immunity.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Multiple studies have revealed that loss of PRKN and PINK1 dysregulated mitophagy and increased mitochondria stress, leading to mito-inflammation,267 which was recently suggested to be involved in PD pathology in PINK1 and PRKN deficient mice.268”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [268]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Knockout of STING reverses motor deficit and neuron loss in aged PRKN knockout PD mouse model.268”
From Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development (2023) · cites this paper as [268]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“peripheral dysregulation of IFN production is linked with the pathogenesis of CNS neurodegenerative conditions.”
From Interferon signaling modulates Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer’s disease pathology in a mouse model (2025) · cites this paper as [84]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Together with previous studies in models of Alzheimer’s disease53, Parkinson’s disease54,55, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia56, and Nieman–Pick’s disease57, our study reveals notable convergence on cGAS–STING signalling in chronic neurodegenerative conditions.”
From cGAS–STING drives ageing-related inflammation and neurodegeneration (2023) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“Genetic and pharmacological restorations of autophagic/mitophagic clearance in animal models of these diseases ameliorate disease-defining pathologies and behavioral deficits (Fang et al., 2019; Ravikumar et al., 2004; Sliter et al., 2018).”
From NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Sliter et al., 2018
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A role for mitochondria in nlrp3 inflammasome activation
Zhou, R., Yazdi, A. S., Menu, P., & Tschopp, J. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09663 · Cited by 5,602
Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
Kitada, T., Asakawa, S., Hattori, N., Matsumine, H., Yamamura, Y., Minoshima, S., Yokochi, M., Mizuno, Y., & Shimizu, N. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/33416 · Cited by 5,227
Skyline: an open source document editor for creating and analyzing targeted proteomics experiments
MacLean, B., Tomazela, D. M., Shulman, N., Chambers, M., Finney, G. L., Frewen, B., Kern, R., Tabb, D. L., Liebler, D. C., & MacCoss, M. J. (2010) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq054 · Cited by 4,697
STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling
Ishikawa, H., & Barber, G. N. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07317 · Cited by 3,576
Inflammasomes: mechanism of action, role in disease, and therapeutics
Guo, H., Callaway, J. B., & Ting, J. P.-Y. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3893 · Cited by 3,340
Nakahira, K., Haspel, J. A., Rathinam, V. A. K., Lee, S.-J., Dolinay, T., Lam, H. C., Englert, J. A., Rabinovitch, M., Cernadas, M., Kim, H. P., et al. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1980 · Cited by 3,049
Premature ageing in mice expressing defective mitochondrial DNA polymerase
Trifunovic, A., Wredenberg, A., Falkenberg, M., Spelbrink, J. N., Rovio, A. T., Bruder, C. E., Bohlooly-Y, M., Gidlöf, S., Oldfors, A., Wibom, R., et al. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02517 · Cited by 2,734
Regulation and function of the cGAS–STING pathway of cytosolic DNA sensing
Chen, Q., Sun, L., & Chen, Z. J. (2016) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.3558 · Cited by 2,333
The Roles of PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Fidelity in Parkinson’s Disease
Pickrell, A. M., & Youle, R. J. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.12.007 · Cited by 2,310
Self-citationMitochondrial DNA mutations, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in mammalian aging
Kujoth, G. C., Hiona, A., Pugh, T. D., Someya, S., Panzer, K., Wohlgemuth, S. E., Hofer, T., Seo, A. Y., Sullivan, R., Jobling, W. A., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1112125 · Cited by 2,165
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–1,000 of 1,001
Cell Biology of Parkin: Clues to the Development of New Therapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease
Patel, J., Panicker, N., Dawson, V. L., & Dawson, T. M. (2022) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-022-00973-7 · Cited by 9
Zhang, Y., Meng, Z., Wu, L., Liu, X., Guo, C., Yu, J., Ming, D., Dong, S., Cao, Y., & Jiang, X. (2023) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2023/1464853 · Cited by 9
Pan, P., Chen, J., Xie, F., Guo, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, D., Xie, L., & Su, L. (2023) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202202144rrr · Cited by 10
Transposable Elements: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Singh, S., Borkar, M. R., & Bhatt, L. K. (2024) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-024-00688-1 · Cited by 11
Winsor, N. J., Killackey, S. A., Philpott, D. J., & Girardin, S. E. (2020) · BioTechniques · doi:10.2144/btn-2020-0071 · Cited by 10
MEKK3-MEK5-ERK5 signaling promotes mitochondrial degradation
Craig, J. E., Miller, J. N., Rayavarapu, R. R., Hong, Z., Bulut, G. B., Zhuang, W., Sakurada, S. M., Temirov, J. P., Low, J. A., Chen, T., et al. (2020) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-020-00342-7 · Cited by 10
Mitochondria-dependent synthetic small-molecule vaccine adjuvants for influenza virus infection
Sato-Kaneko, F., Yao, S., Lao, F. S., Nan, J., Shpigelman, J., Cheng, A., Saito, T., Messer, K. S., Pu, M., Shukla, N. M., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2025718118 · Cited by 9
Bastien, J., Menon, S., Messa, M., & Nyfeler, B. (2021) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2021.101018 · Cited by 9
Immune Response Modifications in the Genetic Forms of Parkinson’s Disease: What Do We Know?
Magistrelli, L., Contaldi, E., Vignaroli, F., Gallo, S., Colombatto, F., Cantello, R. M., & Comi, C. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073476 · Cited by 11
Song, L.-Z.-X., Xu, N., Yu, Z. H., Yang, H., Xu, C., Qiu, Z., Dai, J., Xu, B., & Hu, X. (2023) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.25148 · Cited by 9
Song, Z., Yan, C., Zhan, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., & Jiang, T. (2023) · Experimental Lung Research · doi:10.1080/01902148.2023.2213335 · Cited by 9
Effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial biogenesis and physiological diseases
Uriho, A., Xue Ming, T. A. N. G., Le, G., Yang, S., Harimana, Y., Papy, I. S., Yiping, L., Zhang, K., Ma, S., & Muhoza, B. (2020) · Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13596-020-00492-0 · Cited by 10
Sex specific inflammatory profiles of cerebellar mitochondria are attenuated in Parkinson’s disease
Ingram, T. L., Shephard, F., Sarmad, S., Ortori, C. A., Barrett, D. A., & Chakrabarti, L. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.103937 · Cited by 9
Zeng, M., He, Y. T., Zhou, H., Du, H., Shao, C., Yang, J., & Wan, H. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118766 · Cited by 9
Lahey, L. J., Wen, X., Mardjuki, R. E., Böhnert, V., Hess, G. T., Ritchie, C., Carozza, J. A., Maduke, M. C., Bassik, M. C., & Li, L. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.13.948273 · Cited by 9
STING-triggered CNS inflammation in human neurodegenerative diseasesPreprint
Ferecskó, A. S., Smallwood, M. J., Moore, A., Liddle, C., Newcombe, J., Holley, J. E., Whatmore, J. L., Gutowski, N. J., & Eggleton, P. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2264071/v2 · Cited by 9
The role of autophagy in Parkinson’s disease: a gender difference overview
Cucinotta, L., Mannino, D., Filippone, A., Romano, A., Esposito, E., & Paterniti, I. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1408152 · Cited by 9
Mechanisms and effects of activation of innate immunity by mitochondrial nucleic acids
Rai, P., & Fessler, M. B. (2024) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxae052 · Cited by 11
Unraveling the intricate link between cell death and neuroinflammation using Drosophila as a model
Rai, P., & Bergmann, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2024.1479864 · Cited by 9
Arnhold, J. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15040547 · Cited by 8
Recinto, S. J., Kazanova, A., Liu, L., Cordeiro, B., Premachandran, S., Bessaiah, H., Allot, A., Afanasiev, E., Mukherjee, S., Pei, J., et al. (2025) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-025-00945-w · Cited by 11
Wang, Y., Wang, F., Sun, J., Xue, L., Sun, Y., Zhang, K., Fan, M., Qian, H., Yang, B., Du, J. B., et al. (2025) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.70106 · Cited by 8
Self-citationYe, B., Pei, Y., Li, H., Jiang, Y., Jin, W., Gao, Y., Liu, W., Guan, X., Qiao, Y., Gao, X., et al. (2025) · Cell Biochemistry and Function · doi:10.1002/cbf.70092 · Cited by 8
Chakraborty, R., Maya, S., Testa, V., Montero-Muñoz, J., Nonaka, T., Hasegawa, M., Consiglio, A., & Zurzolo, C. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73136-7 · Cited by 10
Sun, L., Wu, L., Xu, Z., Zeng, W., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116714 · Cited by 9
Sterile innate immune mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases
Ealy, A., Serapiglia, A. M., & Panicker, N. (2025) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2025.111039 · Cited by 8
Habib, E. B., Cook, A., Mathavarajah, S., & Dellaire, G. (2021) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes12081196 · Cited by 8
PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase 1 Dysfunction Accelerates Synucleinopathy
Nguyen, T. T., Kim, Y. J., Lai, T. T., Nguyen, P. T., Koh, Y. H., Nguyen, L. T. N., Ma, H.-I., & Kim, Y. E. (2022) · Journal of Parkinson's Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-213065 · Cited by 8
Lamberty, B. G., Estrella, L. D., Mattingly, J. E., Emanuel, K. M., Trease, A. J., Totusek, S., Sheldon, L., George, J. W., Almikhlafi, M. A., Farmer, T., et al. (2023) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100656 · Cited by 10
Zhao, J., Qiu, Y.-K., Xie, Y.-X., Li, X.-Y., Li, Y., Wu, B., Wang, Y., Tian, X.-Y., Lv, Y.-L., Zhang, L.-H., et al. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174313 · Cited by 9
Self-citationInflammation and Depression: Is Immunometabolism the Missing Link?
Dantzer, R., Casaril, A. M., & Vichaya, E. G. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71229-7_16 · Cited by 7
Lang, M., Grünewald, A., Pramstaller, P. P., Hicks, A. A., & Pichler, I. (2022) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04304-3 · Cited by 8
Disease mechanisms as subtypes: Inflammation in Parkinson disease and related disorders
Standaert, D. G., Harms, A. S., Childers, G. M., & Webster, J. M. (2023) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85555-6.00011-4 · Cited by 8
Song, M., Zhang, J., Huo, S., Zhang, X., Cui, Y., & Li, Y. (2023) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2023.113762 · Cited by 9
Self-citationPINK1 is a target of T cell responses in Parkinson’s diseasePreprint
Williams, G. P., Michaelis, T., Lima-Júnior, J. R., Frazier, A., Tran, N. K., Phillips, E. J., Mallal, S. A., Litvan, I., Goldman, J. G., Alcalay, R. N., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.02.09.579465 · Cited by 8
Araya, P., Niemeyer, B., Schade, K., Dunn, L. N., Waugh, K., Busquet, N., Brindley, C., Brown, C., Winkler, C., Lyford, H. R., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113130 · Cited by 7
Yu, J., Li, J., Hu, B., Huang, X., Yang, X., Liu, Y., Cai, J.-J., Yang, X., Lai, J.-M., Shen, Y., et al. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26791 · Cited by 9
Zhang, J., Xie, D., Jiao, D., Zhou, S. Y., Liu, S., Ju, Z., Hu, L., Li, Q., Yao, C., & Chen, Z. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32688 · Cited by 9
Favaro, M., Mauri, S., Bernardo, G., Zordan, M. A., Mazzotta, G. M., & Ziviani, E. (2024) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1410139 · Cited by 7
Protein-protein interactions in cGAS-STING pathway: a medicinal chemistry perspective
Zhang, S.-D., Li, H., Zhou, Y.-L., Liu, X., Li, D.-C., Hao, C.-F., You, Q., & Xu, X. (2024) · Future Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1080/17568919.2024.2383164 · Cited by 7
Sun, X., Shen, J., Shu, Y., Wang, T., He, L., Shen, R., Zhou, Y., Cheng, J., Lin, S., & Ding, J. (2025) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-025-00489-2 · Cited by 7
Scoping Review: The Role of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction as a Potent Neuroprotective Agent
Yunita, E., Nasaruddin, M. L., Ramli, N. Z., Yahaya, M. F., & Damanhuri, H. A. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26167691 · Cited by 8
cGAS–STING pathway modulation: A new hope for neural regeneration
Zhang, J., Sun, M., Luo, Y., Räisänen, M. P., Peng, L., Qin, L., Yu, M., & Shi, H. (2025) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-01516 · Cited by 7
Xu, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Liu, B., Shang, X., & Huang, D. (2025) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-025-01326-y · Cited by 7
The methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 inhibits cGAS-associated signaling
Chamma, H., Guha, S., Eloiflin, R.-J., Augereau, A., Hars, P. L., Schüssler, M., Messaoud-Nacer, Y., Salma, M., McKellar, J., Re, J., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65713-z · Cited by 7
cGAS–STING: From immunology and oncology view
Liu, X., Ding, C., Lü, J., & Zhang, N. (2025) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000003889 · Cited by 8
Radiation meets inflammation: NLRP3 inflammasome at the core of radiation-induced cardiac injury
Boncompagni, C., Giacovazzi, S., Perrone, M., Missiroli, S., Righes, G., Pinton, P., & Giorgi, C. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-07377-3 · Cited by 10
Song, Z., Hu, H., Zhang, W., Zheng, X., Liang, L., Zhao, B., Song, G., Li, J., Li, S., Wen, Y., et al. (2026) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-026-01087-1 · Cited by 7
Cao, Z., Fu, X., Wang, X., Zhang, T., Zhong, L., Xia, Q., & Zhu, J. (2023) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115142 · Cited by 7
PINK1/Park2-Mediated Mitophagy Relieve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Hen, H., Tang, Y., Zhuang, L., Zheng, Y., & Huang, X. (2024) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.934925 · Cited by 7
Control of innate immunity and lipid biosynthesis in neurodegeneration
Scoles, D. R., & Pulst, S. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2024.1402055 · Cited by 7
Exploring the nexus of cGAS STING pathway in neurodegenerative terrain: A therapeutic odyssey
Sharma, O., Grewal, A. K., Khan, H., & Singh, T. G. (2024) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113205 · Cited by 7
Chen, Q., Xiao, J., Lin, Z., Xu, X., & Chen, J. (2024) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578469 · Cited by 11
Natural products alleviate atrial fibrillation by modulating mitochondrial quality control
Ge, T., Zou, R., Zhang, M., Hu, J., He, K., Li, G., Zhang, T., & Fan, X. (2025) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156555 · Cited by 9
Mitochondrial DNA-dependent inflammation in kidney diseases
Luo, S., Yang, M., Zhao, H., Han, Y., Liu, Y., Xiong, X., Chen, W., Li, C., & Sun, L. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108637 · Cited by 7
Gerovska, D., Noer, J. B., Qin, Y., Ain, Q., Januzi, D., Schwab, M., Witte, O. W., Araúzo-Bravo, M. J., & Kretz, A. (2023) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-023-01116-1 · Cited by 7
Heo, J., Park, Y., Kim, Y., Lee, H., Kim, J., Kwon, S., Kang, M., Rhee, H., Sun, W., Lee, J., et al. (2023) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-023-06315-9 · Cited by 7
Ding, H., Wang, Y., Cui, Y., Chen, Z., Li, Y., Yang, J., Yang, Y., Chen, T., Xia, D., Li, C., et al. (2022) · Thoracic Cancer · doi:10.1111/1759-7714.14577 · Cited by 7
Self-citationThe Mitochondrial Connection in Parkinson's DiseasePreprint
Schon, E. A., Matheoud, D., & Przedborski, S. (2025) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041891 · Cited by 7
Characterizing Secondary and Atypical Parkinsonisms: Defining Features and Clinical Variability
Viveros-Martínez, I., Zarate-Calderon, C., Chi-Castañeda, D., Carrillo, P., Aranda-Abreu, G. E., Martínez, A. J., Manzo, J. G., Coria‐Ávila, G. A., & García, L. I. (2024) · Neuroglia · doi:10.3390/neuroglia5040030 · Cited by 6
NLRX1 deficiency exacerbates skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis by disrupting mitophagy
Yue, L., Qiao, P., Li, X., Xue, K., Pang, B., Bai, Y., Song, P., Qu, H., Qiao, H., Sun, D., et al. (2025) · Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.clim.2025.110442 · Cited by 6
Cell biological insights into human STING variants
Koide, S., Yumoto, E., Nakayama, J., Higashiyama, S., Kuchitsu, Y., & Taguchi, T. (2025) · Cell Structure and Function · doi:10.1247/csf.25020 · Cited by 7
The contribution of type-I IFN-mediated neuroinflammation to Parkinson's disease progression
Chen, S., Crack, P. J., & Taylor, J. M. (2025) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101017 · Cited by 6
Meng, S.-C., Bai, M., Ma, C., Han, B., Duan, M., Zhang, L., Guo, J., Shi, C., Li, K., & He, M. (2025) · Neuroprotection/Neuroprotection (Chichester, England. Print) · doi:10.1002/nep3.70004 · Cited by 6
Fueling the fire: metabolic dysfunction and senescence as drivers of lung aging and disease
Kliment, C. R., Gurkar, A. U., Cárdenes, N., Ramonell, R. P., Finkel, T., & Königshoff, M. (2026) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00024.2025 · Cited by 6
Emerging molecular mechanisms of cGAS-STING activation and regulation
Liu, Y., Ma, K., & Jiang, Z. (2026) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2026.02.008 · Cited by 6
Temelie, M., Talpur, R., Domínguez-Prieto, M., Silva, A. D., Cenușă, C., Craciun, L. S., Savu, D., & Moisoi, N. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24065891 · Cited by 6
Escudero-Ferruz, P., Ontiveros, N., Cano-Estrada, C., Sutcliffe, D. J., Jinnah, H. A., Torres, R. J., & López, J. M. (2024) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-023-00774-8 · Cited by 6
Emerging the role of trace minerals and vitamins in Alzheimer's disease
Kamaljeet, Kaur, A., & Singh, L. (2024) · Brain Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.dscb.2024.100139 · Cited by 6
Effect of Spermidine on Endothelial Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mice
Kim, H., & Massett, M. P. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25189920 · Cited by 6
Yegorov, Y. E., Poznyak, A. V., Bezsonov, E. E., Zhuravlev, A. D., Nikiforov, N. G., Vishnyakova, K. S., & Orekhov, A. N. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10040782 · Cited by 6
Poly(I:C), a double stranded RNA analog, activates the anti-viral DNA sensors in buffalo fibroblasts
Chera, J. S., Kumar, S., Bairagi, A. K., Kumar, A., Chandra, P., Vats, A., Ali, M., Roshan, M., Kataria, R. S., & De, S. (2023) · Veterinary Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vetvac.2023.100016 · Cited by 6
Structural insights into the regulation, ligand recognition, and oligomerization of bacterial STING
Hou, M., Wang, Y., Yang, C., Liao, K.-F., Chang, J., Shih, O., Yeh, Y., Sriramoju, M. K., Weng, T.-W., Jeng, U., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44052-x · Cited by 6
Detection of mitophagy in mammalian cells, mice, and yeast
Calvelli, H. R., Krigman, J., Onishi, M., Narendra, D. P., Sun, N., & Okamoto, K. (2019) · Methods in cell biology · doi:10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.10.006 · Cited by 6
Self-citationAlternative oxidase causes cell type- and tissue-specific responses in mutator mice
Ikonen, L., Pirnes-Karhu, S., Pradhan, S., Jacobs, H. T., Szibor, M., & Suomalainen, A. (2023) · Life Science Alliance · doi:10.26508/lsa.202302036 · Cited by 6
Parkin characteristics and blood biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease in WPBLC study
He, H., Xiong, X., Zheng, Y., Hou, J., Jiang, T., Quan, W., Huang, J., Xu, J., Chen, K., Qian, J., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1511272 · Cited by 5
PINK1 link mitochondria-ER contacts controls deposition of intramuscular fat in pigs
Cao, J., Li, N., Huang, R., Jia, F., He, Z., Han, W., Liu, W., Li, S., Wang, W., Ren, W., et al. (2025) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151672 · Cited by 5
The cGAS-STING pathway in aging and neurological diseases: From mechanisms to treatment
Li, Y., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, C., Fu, X., & Ren, M. (2025) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2025.111978 · Cited by 5
Self-citationYan, X., Luo, J., Chen, X., Wang, L., Xu, Z., Guo, C., Zhu, W., Ding, Y., & Jiang, J. (2025) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.70053 · Cited by 5
Self-citationMitochondrial proteins as biomarkers of cellular senescence and age-associated diseases
Panfilova, A. S., Zubareva, T., Mironova, E. S., Mazzoccoli, G., Marasco, M. G. P., Balazovskaia, S., Yablonsky, P., & Kvetnoy, I. M. (2025) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.206305 · Cited by 8
Xu, Y., Han, T., Wu, Y., Liu, H., Hou, K., An, Z., Li, Y., Zhu, C., Wang, S., & Wei, J. (2025) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-025-01505-1 · Cited by 5
Self-citationShen, X., Chen, H., Zheng, J., Ma, Y., Tang, Z., Sun, H., Zhang, Q. Y., Zhang, J., & Song, T. (2025) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/011570159x388747250830161230 · Cited by 6
Liu, G., Shi, T., Tang, S., Huang, X., & Liu, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2026.1778576 · Cited by 8
Zhang, X.-W., Ye, X.-M., Wang, R., Guo, Y.-D., Li, L., Chen, Y., Liu, T.-T., Xiao-qing, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Z.-Y., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72779-w · Cited by 5
Frontiers and future perspectives of neuroimmunology
Qi, H., Duan, S., Xu, Y., & Zhang, H. (2022) · Fundamental Research · doi:10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.002 · Cited by 5
Pharmacological potential of cyclic nucleotide signaling in immunity
Ednacot, E. M. Q., Nabhani, A., Dinh, D. M., & Morehouse, B. R. (2024) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108653 · Cited by 5
Matsuhisa, K., Sato, S., & Kaneko, M. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13040854 · Cited by 4
Mitochondrial DNA may act as a biomarker to predict donor‐kidney quality
Hao, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, F., Wu, J., Cao, H., & Wang, W. (2021) · Clinical Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ctr.14469 · Cited by 5
Sun, J. P., Li, L., Hu, J., Gao, Y., Song, J., Zhang, X., & Hu, H. (2022) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.044 · Cited by 5
Linking Heat Shock Protein 70 and Parkin in Parkinson’s Disease
Zhao, Z., Li, Z., Du, F., Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Lim, K., Li, L., Yang, N., Yu, C., & Zhang, C. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03481-x · Cited by 5
MiR-181c-5p Regulates Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression via Targeting PRKN
Wang, J., Li, M., Wang, M., Yang, J., Li, D., & Hao, Y. (2023) · Biochemical Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10528-023-10459-w · Cited by 5
Investigation of PRKN Mutations in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease Treatment
Bispo, A. G., Silva, C. S., Sena-dos-Santos, C., Moura, D. D., Koshimoto, B. H. B., Santos‐Lobato, B. L., Ribeiro‐dos‐Santos, Â., & Cavalcante, G. C. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11082230 · Cited by 5
Neuroimmune modulators derived from natural products: Mechanisms and potential therapies
Feng, W.-D., Liu, D.-N., Shang, Y.-F., Zhang, W., Xu, S., Feng, D.-H., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108830 · Cited by 5
The dysregulated Pink1- Drosophila mitochondrial proteome is partially corrected with exercise
Ebanks, B., Ingram, T. L., Katyal, G., Ingram, J. R., Moisoi, N., & Chakrabarti, L. (2021) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.203128 · Cited by 6
Gut mitochondrial defects drive neurodegeneration
Aparicio, R., Schmid, E. T., & Walker, D. W. (2022) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-022-00206-y · Cited by 5
Wang, X., Hu, J., Xie, S., Li, W., Zhang, H., Huang, L., Qian, Z., Zhao, C., & Hu, J. (2024) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113024 · Cited by 5
Farkas, L., Horowitz, J. C., & Mora, A. L. (2022) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.01702-2022 · Cited by 5
Adaptive Immunity and Parkinson's DiseasePreprint
Elyaman, W. (2025) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041639 · Cited by 5
Kang, X., Liu, W., Ma, X., Feng, D., Sun, H., & Wu, S. (2025) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2025.2541388 · Cited by 4
Rui, W., Chen, Z., Tao, S., Yao, X., Xie, W., Qin, D., Ye, Z., Wu, Y., Fan, L., & Li, S. (2025) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157493 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Sliter, D. A., Martinez, J., Hao, L., Chen, X., Sun, N., Fischer, T. D., Burman, J. L., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., Narendra, D. P., Cai, H., Borsche, M., Klein, C., & Youle, R. J.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Youle, Richard J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2018-08-22
- Volume
- 561
- Issue
- 7722
- Pages
- 258-262
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC7362342
- OpenAlex
- W2887997888
- Cited by
- 1,287
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 68 · 2025: 177 · 2024: 190 · 2023: 185 · 2022: 180 · 2021: 197 · 2020: 157 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 16
- FWCI
- 82.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (DFG FOR2488)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Z01NS002859, ZIANS002859)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1ZIAES10328601, ZIAES103286)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Keywords
- Parkin, PINK1, STING, mitophagy, Parkinson's disease, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial DNA mutations, exhaustive exercise, innate immunity, dopaminergic neurons, substantia nigra pars compacta, motor impairment, type I interferon response, cytosolic DNA, E3 ubiquitin ligase
- MeSH terms
- Alarmins, STING Protein, PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase, Animals, DNA, Mitochondrial, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Parkinson Disease, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Protein Kinases, Stress, Physiological, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Mice, Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta, Mitophagy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
