Cited by 3,049Inflammasome and immune disordersAutophagy in Disease and TherapyImmune Response and Inflammation

Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome

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Nakahira, Kiichi, Haspel, Jeffrey Adam, Rathinam, Vijay A K, Lee, Seon-Jin, Dolinay, Tamas, Lam, Hilaire C, Englert, Joshua A, Rabinovitch, Marlene +5 more·2011·Nature Immunology

Abstract

Autophagy, a cellular process for organelle and protein turnover, regulates innate immune responses. Here we demonstrate that depletion of the autophagic proteins LC3B and beclin 1 enhanced the activation of caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Depletion of autophagic proteins promoted the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and cytosolic translocation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP in macrophages. Release of mtDNA into the cytosol depended on the NALP3 inflammasome and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cytosolic mtDNA contributed to the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in response to LPS and ATP. LC3B-deficient mice produced more caspase-1-dependent cytokines in two sepsis models and were susceptible to LPS-induced mortality. Our study suggests that autophagic proteins regulate NALP3-dependent inflammation by preserving mitochondrial integrity.

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Crossref · 10.1038/ni.1980

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  • Autophagy malfunction is related to presence of undegraded mtDNA recognized by TLR9 resulting in inflammation.

    “Recent data have established a relationship between autophagy malfunction and presence of undegraded mtDNA, which is recognized by TLR9 and results in inflammation (Nakahira et al, 2011;Oka et al, 2012).”

    From Mitochondrial DNA and TLR9 drive muscle inflammation upon Opa1 deficiency (2018) · cites this paper as Nakahira et al, 2011

  • Autophagy malfunction causes mtDNA-mediated inflammation.

    “Based on data indicating that autophagy malfunction caused mtDNA-mediated inflammation (Nakahira et al, 2011;Oka et al, 2012)”

    From Mitochondrial DNA and TLR9 drive muscle inflammation upon Opa1 deficiency (2018) · cites this paper as Nakahira et al, 2011

  • Cytosolic mtDNA can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome.

    “mtDNA has been shown to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome.”

    From Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease (2021) · cites this paper as Nakahira et al., 2011

  • NLRP3 contributes to mtDNA release by facilitating mPTP formation in the mitochondrial inner membrane.

    “The authors also suggested that as well as acting as a downstream sensor of cytoplasmic mtDNA, NLRP3 also contributes to mtDNA release by facilitating mPTP formation in the mitochondria inner membrane (Nakahira et al., 2011).”

    From Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease (2021) · cites this paper as Nakahira et al., 2011

  • Treating cells with dysfunctional mitochondria with LPS or ATP increased cytosolic mtDNA, which contributed to IL-1β and IL-18 secretion via the NLRP3 inflammasome.

    “One study showed that treating cells that have dysfunctional mitochondria with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ATP resulted in increased levels of cytosolic mtDNA, which contributed to secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 via the NLRP3 inflammasome (Nakahira et al., 2011).”

    From Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease (2021) · cites this paper as Nakahira et al., 2011

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Authors
Nakahira, K., Haspel, J. A., Rathinam, V. A. K., Lee, S.-J., Dolinay, T., Lam, H. C., Englert, J. A., Rabinovitch, M., Cernadas, M., Kim, H. P., Fitzgerald, K. A., Ryter, S. W., & Choi, A. M. K.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Choi, Augustine M K
Venue
Nature Immunology
Published
2010-12-12
Volume
12
Issue
3
Pages
222-230
ISSN
  • 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2916
OpenAlex
W2113010696
Cited by
3,049
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 178 · 2025: 195 · 2024: 219 · 2023: 189 · 2022: 224 · 2021: 258 · 2020: 248 · 2019: 213 · 2018: 216 · 2017: 183 · 2016: 189 · 2015: 163 · 2014: 166 · 2013: 212 · 2012: 124
FWCI
52.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1f35hl008554-01)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL055330, R01HL085547, HL08554, R01HL079904, R01HL060234, HL060234-10, HL097005, R03HL097005)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI067497, AI057159, R37AI067497, AI083713, U54AI057159, AI-067497, R01AI083713, R56AI067497)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
autophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial DNA release, LC3B, Beclin-1, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species, lipopolysaccharide, ATP, macrophages, sepsis, innate immunity, inflammation
MeSH terms
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Animals, Autophagy, Carrier Proteins, DNA, Mitochondrial, Flow Cytometry, Immunity, Innate, Caspase 1, Mice, Inflammasomes

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