A gut microbial factor modulates locomotor behaviour in Drosophila
Open accessAbstract
While research into the biology of animal behaviour has primarily focused on the central nervous system, cues from peripheral tissues and the environment have been implicated in brain development and function 1. There is emerging evidence that bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain affects behaviours including anxiety, cognition, nociception and social interaction 1-9. Coordinated locomotor behaviour is critical for the survival and propagation of animals, and is regulated by internal and external sensory inputs 10,11. However, little is known about how the gut microbiome influences host locomotion, or the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. Here we report that germ-free status or antibiotic treatment results in hyperactive locomotor behaviour in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Increased walking speed and daily activity in the absence of a gut microbiome are rescued by mono-colonization with specific bacteria, including the fly commensal Lactobacillus brevis. The bacterial enzyme xylose isomerase from L. brevis recapitulates the locomotor effects of microbial colonization by modulating sugar metabolism in flies. Notably, thermogenetic activation of octopaminergic neurons or exogenous administration of octopamine, the invertebrate counterpart of noradrenaline, abrogates the effects of xylose isomerase on Drosophila locomotion. These findings reveal a previously unappreciated role for the gut microbiome in modulating locomotion, and identify octopaminergic neurons as mediators of peripheral microbial cues that regulate motor behaviour in animals.
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The gut microbiota has been shown to modulate locomotor activity in Drosophila, probably via bacterial-derived metabolites.
“the gut microbiota has been shown to modulate locomotor activity in Drosophila, probably via bacterial-derived metabolites (Schretter et al., 2018), (Chen et al., 2019).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Schretter et al., 2018
The main text (page not provided) reports that gut bacteria modulate locomotion in Drosophila. It identifies a bacterial enzyme, xylose isomerase, as the active factor and links its effect to changes in host sugar metabolism; it does not establish that bacterial-derived metabolites mediate the effect. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Schretter, C. E., Vielmetter, J., Bartos, I., Marka, Z., Marka, S., Argade, S., & Mazmanian, S. K.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schretter, Catherine E.
- Mazmanian, Sarkis K.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2018-10-24
- Volume
- 563
- Issue
- 7731
- Pages
- 402-406
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC6237646
- OpenAlex
- W2897165841
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 14.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS085910)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, locomotor behaviour, Drosophila melanogaster, antibiotic therapy, Lactobacillus brevis, xylose isomerase, sugar metabolism, octopaminergic neurons, octopamine, gut-brain signaling, microbial colonization, hyperactivity, commensal bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Drosophila melanogaster, Female, Germ-Free Life, Locomotion, Motor Activity, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Octopamine, Symbiosis, Aldose-Ketose Isomerases, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Levilactobacillus brevis
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