Noradrenergic modulation of arousal

Berridge, Craig W.

doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.10.013

Cited by 368Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience of respiration and sleep

Noradrenergic modulation of arousal

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Berridge, Craig W.·2008·Brain Research Reviews

DOI 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.10.013PMC PMC2517224

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Abstract

Through a highly divergent efferent projection system, the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system supplies norepinephrine throughout the central nervous system. State-dependent neuronal discharge activity of locus coeruleus neurons has long-suggested a role of this system in the induction of an alert waking state. More recent work supports this hypothesis, demonstrating robust wake-promoting actions of the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system. Norepinephrine enhances arousal, in part, via actions of beta- and alpha1-receptors located within multiple subcortical structures, including the general regions of the medial septal area and the medial preoptic areas. Recent anatomical studies suggest that arousal-enhancing actions of norepinephrine are not limited to the locus coeruleus system and likely include the A1 and A2 noradrenergic cell groups. Thus, noradrenergic modulation of arousal state involves multiple noradrenergic systems acting within multiple subcortical regions. Pharmacological studies indicate that the combined actions of these systems are necessary for the sustained maintenance of arousal levels associated with spontaneous waking. Enhanced arousal state is a prominent aspect of both stress and psychostimulant drug action and evidence indicates that noradrenergic systems likely play an important role in both stress-related and psychostimulant-induced arousal. These and other observations suggest that the dysregulation of noradrenergic neurotransmission could well co…

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Multivariate pattern analyses have provided robust evidence that TMR induces a behaviorally relevant reactivation of cue-associated target information.
“Multivariate pattern analyses have provided robust evidence that TMR actually induces a behaviorally relevant reactivation of cue-associated target information.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [117]
The beneficial effect of TMR during non-REM sleep on memory performance is well established across a variety of memory domains.
“The beneficial effect of TMR during non-REM sleep on memory performance is well established across a variety of memory domains, 115 including visuospatial 116-119 and verbal 120,121 declarative memory as well as motor learning.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [117]
Timing of cue delivery in relation to SOs, spindles, or spindle refractory periods, or phase-coupling of spindles to SO peak or trough may substantially affect the effect of TMR on memory performance.
“timing of cue delivery in relation to SOs, 129 spindles, or spindle refractory periods, respectively, 116,117,127 or the phase-coupling of spindles to the SO peak or trough 125 may substantially affect the effect of TMR on memory performance.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [117]
Evidence for category-specific reactivations was strongest when cue delivery was accompanied by increased spindle activity and predicted the TMR-induced gain in memory.
“Evidence for category-specific reactivations was strongest when cue delivery was accompanied by increased spindle activity and, moreover, predicted the TMR-induced gain in memory.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [117]
Cue delivery during TMR is associated with increased SO power, amplitude and density, increased spindle power and density, and improved SO-spindle coupling, often associated with TMR-induced memory advantage.
“It is associated with increased SO power, amplitude and density, 120,125,128 increased spindle power and density, 116,117,120,128 as well as improved SO-spindle coupling, 120 and these characteristics are often associated with the TMRinduced memory advantage.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [117]

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Self-citation

Authors: Berridge, C. W.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author: Berridge, Craig W.
ORCID: Berridge, Craig W.
Venue: Brain Research Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-06
Volume: 58
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-17
ISSN: 0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.10.013
PMC: PMC2517224
OpenAlex: W2060611129
Cited by: 368
References: 164
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 30
FWCI: 0.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062359, MH 62359)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K02DA000389, Z01DA000389, R01DA010681, DA-10681)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Keywords: locus coeruleus, norepinephrine, arousal, wakefulness, beta-adrenergic receptors, alpha1-adrenoceptors, medial septum, medial preoptic area, stress, psychostimulants, insomnia, stress-related disorders, noradrenergic neurotransmission
MeSH terms: Animals, Arousal, Humans, Locus Coeruleus, Models, Anatomic, Neural Pathways, Norepinephrine, Preoptic Area, Receptors, Adrenergic, Septum of Brain

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Noradrenergic modulation of arousal

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