Structure and function of virion RNA polymerase of a crAss-like phage
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Abstract
CrAss-like phages are a recently described expansive group of viruses that includes the most abundant virus in the human gut 1-3. The genomes of all crAss-like phages encode a large virion-packaged protein 2,4 that contains a DFDxD sequence motif, which forms the catalytic site in cellular multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs)5. Here, using Cellulophaga baltica crAss-like phage phi14:2 as a model system, we show that this protein is a DNA-dependent RNAP that is translocated into the host cell along with the phage DNA and transcribes early phage genes. We determined the crystal structure of this 2,180-residue enzyme in a self-inhibited state, which probably occurs before virion packaging. This conformation is attained with the help of a cleft-blocking domain that interacts with the active site and occupies the cavity in which the RNA-DNA hybrid binds. Structurally, phi14:2 RNAP is most similar to eukaryotic RNAPs that are involved in RNA interference 6,7, although most of the phi14:2 RNAP structure (nearly 1,600 residues) maps to a new region of the protein fold space. Considering this structural similarity, we propose that eukaryal RNA interference polymerases have their origins in phage, which parallels the emergence of the mitochondrial transcription apparatus 8.
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- Authors
- Drobysheva, A. V., Panafidina, S. A., Kolesnik, M. V., Klimuk, E. I., Minakhin, L., Yakunina, M. V., Borukhov, S., Nilsson, E., Holmfeldt, K., Yutin, N., Makarova, K. S., Koonin, E. V., Severinov, K. V., Leiman, P. G., & Sokolova, M. L.
- Affiliations
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (RU)
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (RU)
- Rowan University (US)
- Linnaeus University (SE)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Severinov, Konstantin V.
- Leiman, Petr G.
- Sokolova, Maria L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2020-11-18
- Volume
- 589
- Issue
- 7841
- Pages
- 306-309
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC12127119
- OpenAlex
- W3099838549
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 3.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Russian Science Foundation (19-74-00011)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM139034)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- crAss-like phages, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, crystal structure, RNA-DNA hybrids, phage-host interactions
- MeSH terms
- Protein Domains, Bacteriophages, Cell-Free System, DNA, Single-Stranded, Genes, Viral, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Transcription, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Crystallography, X-Ray, Evolution, Molecular, Catalytic Domain, Protein Subunits, RNA Interference, Flavobacteriaceae
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