Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 849

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 118 of the 118 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The complex role of tumor-infiltrating macrophages

Open access
Christofides, Anthos, Strauss, Laura, Yeo, Alan, Cao, Carol, Charest, Alain, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A.·2022·Nature Immunology

Abstract

Long recognized as an evolutionarily ancient cell type involved in tissue homeostasis and immune defense against pathogens, macrophages are being re-discovered as regulators of several diseases, including cancer. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the most abundant innate immune population in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Macrophages are professional phagocytic cells of the hematopoietic system specializing in the detection, phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria and other harmful micro-organisms, apoptotic cells and metabolic byproducts. In contrast to these healthy macrophage functions, TAMs support cancer cell growth and metastasis and mediate immunosuppressive effects on the adaptive immune cells of the TME. Cancer is one of the most potent insults on macrophage physiology, inducing changes that are intimately linked with disease progression. In this Review, we outline hallmarks of TAMs and discuss the emerging mechanisms that contribute to their pathophysiological adaptations and the vulnerabilities that provide attractive targets for therapeutic exploitation in cancer. Boussiotis and colleagues review the hallmarks of tumor-associated macrophages and discuss the mechanisms that contribute to their pathophysiological adaptations to the tumor microenvironment.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41590-022-01267-2

Cites

118 of 118 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 118 references

Cited by

See all 849

Metadata

Authors
Christofides, A., Strauss, L., Yeo, A., Cao, C., Charest, A., & Boussiotis, V. A.
Venue
Nature Immunology
Published
2022-07-25
Volume
23
Issue
8
Pages
1148-1156
ISSN
  • 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2916
OpenAlex
W4287510340
Cited by
849
References
118
FWCI
53.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The complex role of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41590-022-01267-2
The paper
Christofides, A., Strauss, L., Yeo, A., Cao, C., Charest, A., & Boussiotis, V. A. (2022). The complex role of tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Nature Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-022-01267-2

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.