Terahertz spectroscopy of anisotropic materials using beams with rotatable polarization
Open accessAbstract
We introduce a polarization-resolved terahertz time-domain spectrometer with a broadband (0.3–2.5 THz), rotatable THz polarization state, and which exhibits minimal change in the electric field amplitude and polarization state upon rotation. This was achieved by rotating an interdigitated photoconductive emitter, and by detecting the orthogonal components of the generated THz pulse via electro-optic sampling. The high precision (<0.1°) and accuracy (<1.0°) of this approach is beneficial for the study of anisotropic materials without rotating the sample, which can be impractical, for instance for samples held in a cryostat. The versatility of this method was demonstrated by studying the anisotropic THz optical properties of uniaxial and biaxial oxide crystals. For uniaxial ZnO and LaAlO 3, which have minimal THz absorption across the measurement bandwidth, the orientations of the eigenmodes of propagation were conveniently identified as the orientation angles that produced a transmitted THz pulse with zero ellipticity, and the birefringence was quantified. In CuO, a multiferroic with improper ferroelectricity, the anisotropic THz absorption created by an electromagnon was investigated, mapping its selection rule precisely. For this biaxial crystal, which has phonon and electromagnon absorption, the polarization eigenvectors exhibited chromatic dispersion, as a result of the monoclinic crystal structure and the frequency-dependent complex refractive index.
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The electromagnetic pulses from common laser-based THz sources (photoconductive switches, optical rectification, spintronic emitters) are often close to single-cycle in shape.
“The electromagnetic pulses from common laser-based THz sources, such as photoconductive switches [14, 15], optical rectification [16, 17], and spintronic emitters [18] are often close to single-cycle in shape.”
From A Tutorial on THz Pulse Analysis: Accurate Retrieval of Pulse Arrival Times, Spectral Energy Density and Absolute Spectral Phase (2025) · cites this paper as [14]
Citation [18] is attached to “spintronic emitters,” but the paper’s Methods and Results describe a photoconductive emitter, not a spintronic one. Its Results discuss THz pulse waveforms without stating that they are close to single-cycle; searches for “single-cycle” and “spintronic emitters” found no supporting passage. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Mosley, C. D. W., Failla, M., Prabhakaran, D., & Lloyd-Hughes, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Warwick (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-09-26
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12337-12337
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5615066
- OpenAlex
- W2754482518
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) (acceptedVersion)
- University of Warwick (cc-by)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (1368751, EP/M020517/1, EP/N010825/1, 1619388, EP/H033939/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Terahertz technology and applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
- Keywords
- terahertz spectroscopy, polarization-resolved measurement, electro-optic sampling, anisotropic materials, uniaxial crystals, biaxial crystals, zinc oxide, LaAlO3, CuO, electromagnons, birefringence, chromatic dispersion, complex refractive index, multiferroics, improper ferroelectricity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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