Context-dependent compensation among phosphatidylserine-recognition receptors
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Abstract Phagocytes express multiple phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) receptors that recognize apoptotic cells. It is unknown whether these receptors are interchangeable or if they play unique roles during cell clearance. Loss of the PtdSer receptorMertkis associated with apoptotic corpse accumulation in the testes and degeneration of photoreceptors in the eye. Both phenotypes are linked to impaired phagocytosis by specialized phagocytes: Sertoli cells and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). Here, we overexpressed the PtdSer receptor BAI1 in mice lacking MerTK (Mertk−/−Bai1Tg) to evaluate PtdSer receptor compensationin vivo. WhileBai1overexpression rescues clearance of apoptotic germ cells in the testes ofMertk−/−mice it fails to enhance RPE phagocytosis or prevent photoreceptor degeneration. To determine why MerTK is critical to RPE function, we examined visual cycle intermediates and performed unbiased RNAseq analysis of RPE fromMertk+/+andMertk−/−mice. Prior to the onset of photoreceptor degeneration,Mertk−/−mice had less accumulation of retinyl esters and dysregulation of a striking array of genes, including genes related to phagocytosis, metabolism, and retinal disease in humans. Collectively, these experiments establish that not all phagocytic receptors are functionally equal, and that compensation among specific engulfment receptors is context and tissue dependent.
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Although the extent of MERTK's requirement may differ among tissues, it plays a central role, directly or indirectly affecting the regulation of a wide variety of genes including those involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and phagosome maturation.
“Although the extent of its requirement may differ among different tissues, it nevertheless plays a central role, directly or indirectly affecting the regulation of a wide variety of genes including those involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and phagosome maturation (Shelby et al., 2013; Penberthy et al., 2017).”
From The cell biology of the retinal pigment epithelium (2020) · cites this paper as Penberthy et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Penberthy, K. K., Rival, C., Shankman, L. S., Raymond, M. H., Zhang, J., Perry, J. S. A., Lee, C. S., Han, C. Z., Onengut-Gumuscu, S., Palczewski, K., Lysiak, J. J., & Ravichandran, K. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Gyeongsang National University (KR)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Ravichandran, Kodi S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-11-07
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14623-14623
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5676788
- OpenAlex
- W2767021156
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University of Virginia
- National Institutes of Health (NIH T32, GM064709)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL120840, F30HL126385)
- National Cancer Institute (T32CA009109)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM-064709, R35GM122542, R01GM064709, T32GM008136)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (T32AI007496)
- National Center for Research Resources (S10RR026799)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD074981)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Keywords
- phosphatidylserine receptor, efferocytosis, MERTK, BAI1, phagocytosis, Sertoli cells, retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptor degeneration, retinyl esters, visual cycle, retinal gene expression
- MeSH terms
- c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase, Animals, Germ Cells, Humans, Male, Phagocytosis, Sertoli Cells, Apoptosis, Mice, Knockout, Angiogenic Proteins, Mice, Retinal Pigment Epithelium
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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