Plant diversity drives global patterns of insect invasions
Open accessAbstract
During the last two centuries, thousands of insect species have been transported (largely inadvertently) and established outside of their native ranges worldwide, some with catastrophic ecological and economic impacts. Global variation in numbers of invading species depends on geographic variation in propagule pressure and heterogeneity of environmental resistance to invasions. Elton’s diversity-invasibility hypothesis, proposed over sixty years ago, has been widely explored for plants but little is known on how biodiversity affects insect invasions. Here we use species inventories from 44 land areas, ranging from small oceanic islands to entire continents in various world regions, to show that numbers of established insect species are primarily driven by diversity of plants, with both native and non-native plant species richness being the strongest predictor of insect invasions. We find that at large spatial scales, plant diversity directly explains variation in non-native insect species richness among world regions, while geographic factors such as land area, climate and insularity largely affect insect invasions indirectly via their effects on local plant richness.
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Alien insect species outnumber invasions of all other animal taxa.
“Alien insect species outnumber invasions of all other animal taxa, with North America having the greatest number of non‐native insects (∼3200 species; Liebhold et al., 2018).”
From Scientists' warning on invasive alien species (2020) · cites this paper as Liebhold et al., 2018
North America has the greatest number of non-native insects, approximately 3200 species.
“Alien insect species outnumber invasions of all other animal taxa, with North America having the greatest number of non‐native insects (∼3200 species; Liebhold et al., 2018).”
From Scientists' warning on invasive alien species (2020) · cites this paper as Liebhold et al., 2018
The citation is attached to the North America count. Materials and Methods (page unavailable) describes inventories from 44 land areas, but our copy does not state that North America has the greatest number of non-native insects or approximately 3,200 species. Searches for the number and regional ranking found no passage establishing either point. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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- Authors
- Liebhold, A. M., Yamanaka, T., Roques, A., Augustin, S., Chown, S. L., Brockerhoff, E. G., & Pyšek, P.
- Affiliations
- US Forest Service (US)
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (JP)
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
- Monash University (AU)
- Scion (NZ)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Corresponding author
- Liebhold, Andrew M.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2018-08-14
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12095-12095
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6092358
- OpenAlex
- W2887149709
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 4.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Monash University Research Portal (Monash University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1638702, 1241932)
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky (CZ.02.1.01/0.0, GB14-36079G, RVO 67,985,939, CZ.02.1.01, 67985939, 36079G)
- Akademie Věd České Republiky (RVO [67985939], 67985939, 14‐36079G, project RVO 67985939)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant and animal studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Keywords
- insect invasions, plant diversity, propagule pressure, plant species richness, land area, insularity, climate
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Geography, Insecta, Models, Biological, Plants, Population Dynamics, Introduced Species, Animal Distribution, Datasets as Topic
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