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Cited by 124Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removalThermochemical Biomass Conversion ProcessesCarbon Dioxide Capture Technologies

Impact of pyrolysis process conditions on the structure of biochar obtained from apple waste

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Barszcz, Wioletta, Łożyńska, Monika, Molenda, Jarosław·2024·Scientific Reports
DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-61394-8PMC PMC11076542
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Abstract

Biochar is an eco-friendly carbon material whose properties allow it to be used as a sorbent for wastewater treatment or soil remediation. The paper presents the results of research related to the pyrolysis process of apple waste after supercritical CO 2 extraction with the simultaneous use of physical activation. The research assessed the influence of the temperature of the pyrolysis process and steam activation on the structural properties of the obtained biochar, i.e. specific surface, porous structure, and presence of functional groups. The results obtained confirmed that lower temperature pyrolysis produces biochar characterised by the presence of functional groups and ordered structure. On the other hand, high temperature pyrolysis with simultaneous steam activation determines microporosity and high values of the specific surface area. Taking into consideration pollutant sorption mechanisms (physical and chemical sorption), the obtained biochar materials can be used as sorbents in water and wastewater treatment.

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  • The better adsorption yields as a function of time suggest that the process follows a dominant intraparticle diffusion mechanism, where electrostatic interactions and π-π bonds with the aromatic rings of phenol play a critical role.

    “Furthermore, the better adsorption yields as a function of time suggest that the process follows a dominant intraparticle diffusion mechanism, where electrostatic interactions and π-π bonds with the aromatic rings of the phenol play a critical role [59,60].”

    From Innovative Valorization of Wood Panel Waste into Activated Biochar for Efficient Phenol Adsorption (2025) · cites this paper as [59]

    The Materials and methods and Results and discussion sections on physical adsorption describe nitrogen isotherms used to measure apple-waste biochar porosity, not phenol adsorption over time. A search for phenol adsorption kinetics, intraparticle diffusion, electrostatic interactions, and π–π bonding found no passage addressing the claimed mechanism. The copy provides no page numbers for these sections. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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References 58 · Cited by 124

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Authors
Barszcz, W., Łożyńska, M., & Molenda, J.
Affiliations
  • Warsaw University of Technology (PL)
  • Łukasiewicz Research Network (PL)
Corresponding author
Barszcz, Wioletta
ORCID
Venue
Scientific Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2024-05-07
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
10501-10501
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/s41598-024-61394-8
PMC
PMC11076542
OpenAlex
W4396689341
Cited by
124
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 75 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 5
FWCI
14.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute for Sustainable Technologies
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
Keywords
biochar, apple waste, pyrolysis temperature, steam activation, supercritical CO2 extraction, specific surface area, porous structure, functional groups, microporosity, sorbents, wastewater treatment, fruit waste valorization

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