HPV DNA status and clinical history of patients are supplements for accurate reporting of the cytological Pap smear
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Abstract
The present study was aimed at showing the importance of HPV DNA status and the clinical history of the patients required by the cytologist for accurate reporting. A total of 1250 symptomatic women who attended the gynaecology outpatient department of the Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Nalanda Medical College, Patna, for pap smear examinations were screened and recruited for the study. Due to highly clinical symptoms out of the negative with inflammatory smears reported, one hundred and ten patients were randomly advised for biopsy and HPV 16/18 DNA analysis by a gynaecologist to correlate negative smears included in the study. Pap smear reports revealed that 1178 (94.24%) were negative for intraepithelial lesions (NILM) with inflammatory smears, 23 (1.84%) smears showed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 12 (0.96%) smears showed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and 37 (2.96%) smears showed an atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASC-US). A biopsy of 110 out of 1178 (NILM) patients revealed that 15 (13.63%) women had cervical cancer, 29 women had CIN I, 17 women had CIN II + CIN III, 35 women had benign cervical changes, and 14 women had haemorrhages. On the other hand, HPV 16/18 DNA was detected as positive in 87 out of 110. The high positivity of HPV in biopsied cases where frank cervical cancer and at-risk cancer were also observed in the negative smear-screened patients reveals that the HPV status and clinical history of the patients will be quite helpful to the cytologist for accurate reporting, and suggests that a negative HPV DNA result may be a stronger predictor of cervical cancer risk than a negative Pap test.
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HPV DNA testing is more sensitive than cytology in detecting precancerous lesions and cervical cancers.
“Numerous studies affirm that HPV DNA testing is more sensitive than cytology in detecting precancerous lesions and cervical cancers [21, 22, 23] and any HPV DNA test is better than none.”
From Comparative analysis of SD biosensor standard™ M10 HPV and seegene anyplex™ II HPV HR for detecting high-risk human papillomavirus: a concordance study (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that HPV tests were significantly more sensitive than cytology for detecting CIN2+ lesions. The Results (page unavailable) found HPV 16/18 DNA in all 15 cervical cancer cases among women with negative inflammatory Pap smears, but do not establish comparative sensitivity for cervical cancer detection in a general screening population. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Ali, M., Sinha, R., kumar, A., Karim, S., Irfan, M., Kumar, S., Sinha, S., Kumar, A., Ghosh, A., & Singh, M.
- Affiliations
- Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre (IN)
- Nalanda Medical College and Hospital (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Ali, Mohammad
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2024-07-30
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17486-17486
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11289439
- OpenAlex
- W4401119899
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Keywords
- HPV 16/18, cervical cancer screening, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, cervical biopsy, medical history, cervical cancer risk prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Biopsy, Uterine Cervical Dysplasia, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, DNA, Viral, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Vaginal Smears, Papillomavirus Infections, Human papillomavirus 18, Human papillomavirus 16, Young Adult, Papanicolaou Test
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