Group interactions modulate critical mass dynamics in social convention
Open accessAbstract
How can minorities of individuals overturn social conventions? The theory of critical mass states that when a committed minority reaches a critical size, a cascade of behavioural changes can occur, overturning apparently stable social norms. Evidence comes from theoretical and empirical studies in which minorities of very different sizes, including extremely small ones, manage to bring a system to its tipping point. Here, we explore this diversity of scenarios by introducing group interactions as a crucial element of realism into a model for social convention. We find that the critical mass necessary to trigger behaviour change can be very small if individuals have a limited propensity to change their views. Moreover, the ability of the committed minority to overturn existing norms depends in a complex way on the group size. Our findings reconcile the different sizes of critical mass found in previous investigations and unveil the critical role of groups in such processes. This further highlights the importance of the emerging field of higher-order networks, beyond pairwise interactions.
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Social norms can be changed by a few deviants or cultural leaders.
“More specifically, it has been shown that a population’s opinion can be influenced by a few “stubborn individuals”77, and social norms can be changed by a few deviants or cultural leaders78–80.”
From Cooperation without punishment (2023) · cites this paper as [80]
The Abstract and Discussion say that very small committed minorities can overturn social norms; the Discussion gives an example involving a single individual. The paper does not identify these individuals as cultural leaders, and says the individual in its example has no special power or wealth. The claim is supported as to a few people changing norms, but not as to their being cultural leaders. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Iacopini, I., Petri, G., Baronchelli, A., & Barrat, A.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Institute for Scientific Interchange (IT)
- University of London (GB)
- Tokyo Institute of Technology (JP)
- Venue
- Communications Physics
- Published
- 2022-03-18
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 64
- ISSN
- 2399-3650 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3210401123
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Communications Physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- City Research Online (City University London) (acceptedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-19-CE46-0008)
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- Intesa SanPaolo Innovation center
- MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20H04288)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
- Keywords
- critical mass, social conventions, social norms, minority influence, tipping points, group interaction, higher-order networks, behavior change, group size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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