Detection of the CCR5-Δ32 HIV resistance gene in Bronze Age skeletons
Abstract
A mutant allele of the chemokine receptor CCR5 gene (CCR5-Delta32), which confers resistance to HIV-1 infection, is believed to have originated from a single mutation event in historic times, and rapidly expanded in Caucasian populations, owing to an unknown selective advantage. Among other candidates, the plague bacillus Yersinia pestis was implicated as a potential source of strong selective pressure on European populations during medieval times. Here, we report amplifications of the CCR5-Delta32 DNA sequence from up to 2900-year-old skeletal remains from different burial sites in central Germany and southern Italy. Furthermore, the allele frequency of CCR5-Delta32 in victims of the 14th century plague pandemic in Lubeck/northern Germany was not different from a historic control group. Our findings indicate that this mutation was prevalent already among prehistoric Europeans. The results also argue against the possibility of plague representing a major selective force that caused rapid increase in CCR5-Delta32 gene frequencies within these populations.
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The Yamnaya observation predates the previous oldest direct measurement in ancient skeletons, which is 2900 years old.
“The Yamnaya observation predates the previous oldest direct measurement in ancient skeletons 2900 years old [33], consistent with older dates of origin of the allele suggested by population genetic analysis [32].”
From Removing reference bias and improving indel calling in ancient DNA data analysis by mapping to a sequence variation graph (2020) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Hummel, S., Schmidt, D., Kremeyer, B., Herrmann, B., & Oppermann, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Oppermann, M
- ORCID
- Venue
- Genes & Immunity
- Published
- 2005-04-07
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 371-374
- ISSN
- 1466-4879 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5470
- OpenAlex
- W2007100602
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Genes and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- CCR5Δ32, HIV drug resistance, Bronze Age, ancient DNA, chemokine receptors, Yersinia pestis, Black Death, plague, natural selection, allele frequency
- MeSH terms
- Gene Frequency, Genetics, Population, HIV, Humans, Plague, Selection, Genetic, HIV Infections, Sequence Deletion, Receptors, CCR5, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, White People
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