Obesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss
Abstract
Objective Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been implicated as a causal mechanism in a number of disease conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. Excess body fat is associated with an increased risk of numerous health conditions including CVD, diabetes, and cancer. To our knowledge, the association between MIF and obesity status and the effect of weight loss on serum MIF concentrations have not been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of participation in a behavior-based weight loss program on MIF concentrations in obese individuals.Subjects Study participants were 71 men and women enrolled in The Cooper Institute Weight Management Program. Participants were predominantly female (68%, n=48), middle-aged (46.5+/-9.8 y), and severely obese (BMI=43.0+/-8.6).Method Plasma MIF concentrations and other standard risk factors were measured before and after participation in a diet and physical activity based weight management program.Results The mean follow-up was 8.5+/-3.0 months with an average weight loss of 14.4 kg (P<0.001). The majority of clinical risk factors significantly improved at follow-up. Median levels of plasma MIF concentration were significantly lower at follow-up (median [IQR]; 5.1[3.6-10.3]) compared to baseline (8.4 [4.3-48.8]; P=0.0005). The percentage of participants with plasma MIF concentration > or =19.5 mg/nl (highest tertile at baseline) decreased from 33.8 to 5.6% (P<0.001). Further, elevated baseline plasma MIF concentration was associated with markers of beta-cell dysfunction and reductions in MIF were associated with improvements in beta-cell function.Conclusions Circulating MIF concentrations are elevated in obese but otherwise healthy individuals; however, this elevation in MIF is not uniform across individuals. In obese individuals with elevated circulating MIF concentrations, participation in physical activity and a dietary-focused weight management program resulted in substantial reduction in MIF.
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In animal models of insulin resistance, TNF-a antibody infusion ameliorates insulin signalling.
“In animal models of insulin resistance, infusion of TNF-a antibodies has been reported to ameliorate insulin signalling (8,149) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [149]
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- Authors
- Church, T. S., Willis, M. S., Priest, E. L., LaMonte, M. J., Earnest, C. P., Wilkinson, W. J., Wilson, D. A., & Giroir, B. P.
- Affiliations
- Cooper Institute (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Church, T S
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2005-03-29
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 675-681
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- OpenAlex
- W2095080422
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- macrophage migration inhibitory factor, obesity, weight loss, weight management interventions, diet and physical activity, beta-cell function, cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diet, Reducing, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Insulin, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Weight Loss, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Chi-Square Distribution, Linear Models
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