Plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α are increased in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated with adiposity, but unaffected by pioglitazone treatment
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Hirsutism is most often caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS patients are characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity and low-grade inflammation. Insulin sensitizing treatment reduces the inflammatory state, but the effect on serum levels of migration inhibitor factor (MIF), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha have not been evaluated before in PCOS. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma chemokine levels (MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and MIF) were measured in two study designs. (i) 51 hirsute patients and 63 matched controls and (ii) 30 PCOS patients before and after randomized treatment with 30 mg pioglitazone/placebo for 16 weeks. Clinical evaluations and whole body DXA-scans were performed in all participants. RESULTS: Hirsute patients (n = 51) had significantly increased MCP-1 [121 (15-950) vs. 81 (18-365) pg/ml; P < 0.05] and MIP-1alpha[179 (8-4202) vs. 103 (4-1598) pg/ml; P < 0.05] than controls of matched body composition [geometric mean (-2SD to +2SD)]. In PCOS (n = 30), MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and MIF correlated positively with central fat mass. A BMI independent positive association was found between MIF and free testosterone (r = 0.49, P = 0.01) in PCOS. Pioglitazone treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity without affecting testosterone, body composition, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and MIF levels. CONCLUSIONS: Chemokine levels were significantly increased and showed close associations with measures of adiposity in PCOS patients, but were unchanged during insulin sensitizing treatment with pioglitazone. Our data suggests a fat mass independent association between testosterone and MIF levels in PCOS and the effect of anti-androgen treatment on chemokine levels needs to be examined.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Overweight women with PCOS have elevated markers of inflammation relative to weight-matched healthy controls.
“Overweight women with PCOS have been characterized by elevated markers of inflammation relative to weight-matched healthy controls (47)(48)(49).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [49]
Cites
Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
Weisberg, S. P., McCann, D., Desai, M., Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. L., & Ferrante, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319246 · Cited by 10,041 · see citing works
Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome
Després, J.-P., & Lemieux, I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05488 · Cited by 4,354 · see citing works
Men at risk: occupation and male infertility.
Claman, P. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01188-9 · Cited by 2,219 · see citing works
PRACTICAL STATISTICS FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH
Ludbrook, J. (1991) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1991.tb00019.x · Cited by 1,219 · see citing works
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in obesity and insulin resistance
Sartipy, P., & Loskutoff, D. J. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1133870100 · Cited by 1,201 · see citing works
Cancello, R., Henegar, C., Viguerie, N., Taleb, S., Poitou, C., Rouault, C., Coupaye, M., Pelloux, V., Hugol, D., Bouillot, J.-L., et al. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.8.2277 · Cited by 1,164 · see citing works
Androgen Excess in Women: Experience with Over 1000 Consecutive Patients
Azziz, R., Sanchez, L. A., Knochenhauer, E. S., Moran, C., Lazenby, J., Stephens, K. C., Taylor, K., & Boots, L. R. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031122 · Cited by 1,132 · see citing works
Miyazaki, Y., Mahankali, A., Matsuda, M., Mahankali, S., Hardies, J., Cusi, K., Mandarino, L. J., & DeFronzo, R. A. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.87.6.8567 · Cited by 726 · see citing works
Mayerson, A. B., Hundal, R. S., Dufour, S., Lebon, V., Befroy, D., Cline, G. W., Enocksson, S., Inzucchi, S. E., Shulman, G. I., & Petersen, K. F. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.3.797 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Harman-Boehm, I., Blüher, M., Redel, H., Sion-Vardy, N., Ovadia, S., Avinoach, E., Shai, I., Klöting, N., Stumvoll, M., Bashan, N., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1811 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance
Faßhauer, M., & Paschke, R. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1228-z · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Bruun, J. M., Lihn, A. S., Pedersen, S. B., & Richelsen, B. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1696 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Self-citationChristiansen, T., Richelsen, B., & Bruun, J. M. (2004) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802839 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Self-citationEvidence for a Potent Antiinflammatory Effect of Rosiglitazone
Mohanty, P., Aljada, A., Ghanim, H., Hofmeyer, D., Tripathy, D., Syed, T., Al-Haddad, W., Dhindsa, S., & Dandona, P. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-032103 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Tang, T. H., Norman, R. J., Balen, A. H., & Lord, J. M. (2003) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003053 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Westerbacka, J., Kolak, M., Kiviluoto, T. A., Arkkila, P. E. T., Sirén, J., Hamsten, A., Fisher, R. M., & Yki‐Järvinen, H. (2007) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-0156 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Bornstein, S., Rutkowski, H., & Vrezas, I. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.022 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Salley, K. E. S., Wickham, E. P., Cheang, K. I., Essah, P. A., Karjane, N. W., & Nestler, J. E. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-1549 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Rosenfield, R. L. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmcp033496 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Kirchengast, S. (2001) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/16.6.1255 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Metformin Reduces Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Morin-Papunen, L. C., Rautio, K., Ruokonen, A., Hedberg, P. S. M., Puukka, M., & Tapanainen, J. S. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021688 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Kovanci, E. (2005) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.094 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Dandona, P., Aljada, A., Ghanim, H., Mohanty, P., Tripathy, C., Hofmeyer, D., & Chaudhuri, A. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0436 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Ibáñez, L., & de Zegher, F. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031281 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Banaszewska, B., Pawelczyk, L., Spaczynski, R. Z., Dziura, J., & Duleba, A. J. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1988 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Glintborg, D., Andersen, M., Hagen, C., Frystyk, J., Hulstrøm, V., Flyvbjerg, A., & Hermann, A. P. (2006) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.1.02207 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citationGlintborg, D., Henriksen, J. E., Andersen, M., Hagen, C., Hangaard, J., Rasmussen, P. E., Schousboe, K., & Hermann, A. P. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.06.040 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationLykkesfeldt, G., BENNETT, P., Lykkesfeldt, A. E., Mičić, S., MØLLER, S., & Svenstrup, B. (1985) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01096.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and its role in insulin resistance
Sell, H., & Eckel, J. (2007) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e3281338546 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The android woman – a risky condition
Björntorp, P. A. (1996) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.1996.364690000.x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Herder, C., Kolb, H., Köenig, W., Haastert, B., Müller-Scholze, S., Rathmann, W., Holle, R., Thorand, B., & Wichmann, H. ‐. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.29.02.06.dc05-1474 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Ibáñez, L., Jaramillo, A. M. A., Ferrer, A., & de Zegher, F. (2005) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dei072 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Herder, C., Klopp, N., Baumert, J. J., Müller‐Nurasyid, M., Khuseyinova, N., Meisinger, C., Martin, S., Illig, T., Köenig, W., & Thorand, B. (2007) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0800-3 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Mevastatin inhibits ovarian theca–interstitial cell proliferation and steroidogenesis
Izquierdo, D. M., Foyouzi, N., Kwintkiewicz, J., & Dulęba, A. J. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.037 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Body Fat Distribution in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Douchi, T. (1995) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0029-7844(95)00250-u · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Sell, H., Dietze‐Schroeder, D., Eckardt, K., & Eckel, J. (2006) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.010 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Aloisi, A. M., Pari, G., Ceccarelli, I., Vecchi, I., Ietta, F., Lodi, L., & Paulesu, L. R. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.02.019 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Fain, J. N., Tichansky, D. S., & Madan, A. K. (2006) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2006.04.008 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Rittmaster, R. S. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07252-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Glintborg, D., Frystyk, J., Højlund, K., Andersen, K. K., Henriksen, J. E., Hermann, A. P., Hagen, C., Flyvbjerg, A., & Andersen, M. (2007) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03015.x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationGlintborg, D., Hermann, A. P., Andersen, M., Hagen, C., Beck‐Nielsen, H., Veldhuis, J. D., & Henriksen, J. E. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.067 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationObesity, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and weight loss
Church, T. S., Willis, M. S., Priest, E. L., LaMonte, M. J., Earnest, C. P., Wilkinson, W. J., Wilson, D. A., & Giroir, B. P. (2005) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802942 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein‐1 in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Insulin Sensitivity Study
Chacón, M. R., Fernández‐Real, J. M., Richart, C., Megía, A., Gómez, J. M., Miranda, M., Caubet, E., Pastor, R., Noguera, C. M., Vilarrasa, N., et al. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.578 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Mueck, A. O., Seeger, H., & Wallwiener, D. R. (2002) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/00042192-200207000-00008 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Glintborg, D., Støving, R. K., Hagen, C., Hermann, A. P., Frystyk, J., Veldhuis, J. D., Flyvbjerg, A., & Andersen, M. (2005) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0615 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationGlintborg, D., Andersen, M., Hagen, C., & Hermann, A. P. (2005) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02280.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationChristodoulakos, G., Lambrinoudaki, I. V., Economou, E. V., Papadias, C. B., Vitoratos, N., Panoulis, C., Kouskouni, E. E., Vlachou, S. A., & Creatsas, G. C. (2006) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.05.045 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Investigations in the assessment and management of patients with hirsutism
Barth, J. H. (1997) · Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00001703-199706000-00010 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Hirsutism: Definitions and Etiology
Erkkola, R., & Ruutiainen, K. (1990) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853899009147250 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hu, W., Qiao, J., & Li, M. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Chronic Low Grade Inflammation in Pathogenesis of PCOS
Rudnicka, E., Suchta, K., Grymowicz, M., Calik-Ksepka, A., Smolarczyk, K., Duszewska, A. M., Smolarczyk, R., & Meczekalski, B. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22073789 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Is PCOS an inflammatory process?
Duleba, A. J., & Dokras, A. (2012) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.11.023 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome, adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome
Delitala, A. P., Capobianco, G., Delitala, G., Cherchi, P. L., & Dessole, S. (2017) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-017-4429-2 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The intersection of metformin and inflammation
Bharath, L. P., & Nikolajczyk, B. S. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00604.2020 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Gower, B. A., & Goss, A. M. (2015) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.114.195065 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Kwon, C.-Y., Cho, I.-H., & Park, K. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.01192 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Elevated Circulating Levels of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
González, F., Rote, N. S., Minium, J., Weaver, A. L., & Kirwan, J. P. (2010) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2010.06.008 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
- Authors
- Glintborg, D., Andersen, M., Richelsen, B., & Bruun, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Odense University Hospital (DK)
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Glintborg, Dorte
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-10-05
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 652-658
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W2049363219
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, MCP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, chemokines, adiposity, pioglitazone, insulin resistance, hirsutism, free testosterone, low-grade inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Pioglitazone, Cholesterol, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Lipoproteins, HDL, Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Radioimmunoassay, Testosterone, Triglycerides, Chemokine CCL2, Intramolecular Oxidoreductases, Thiazolidinediones, Adiposity, Chemokine CCL3
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review