Cited by 2,020Schizophrenia research and treatmentNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorMental Health and Psychiatry

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Schizophrenia genes, gene expression, and neuropathology: on the matter of their convergence

Harrison, P J, Weinberger, D R·2005·Molecular Psychiatry

DOI 10.1038/sj.mp.4001558

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Abstract

This review critically summarizes the neuropathology and genetics of schizophrenia, the relationship between them, and speculates on their functional convergence. The morphological correlates of schizophrenia are subtle, and range from a slight reduction in brain size to localized alterations in the morphology and molecular composition of specific neuronal, synaptic, and glial populations in the hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsal thalamus. These findings have fostered the view of schizophrenia as a disorder of connectivity and of the synapse. Although attractive, such concepts are vague, and differentiating primary events from epiphenomena has been difficult. A way forward is provided by the recent identification of several putative susceptibility genes (including neuregulin, dysbindin, COMT, DISC1, RGS4, GRM3, and G72). We discuss the evidence for these and other genes, along with what is known of their expression profiles and biological roles in brain and how these may be altered in schizophrenia. The evidence for several of the genes is now strong. However, for none, with the likely exception of COMT, has a causative allele or the mechanism by which it predisposes to schizophrenia been identified. Nevertheless, we speculate that the genes may all converge functionally upon schizophrenia risk via an influence upon synaptic plasticity and the development and stabilization of cortical microcircuitry. NMDA receptor-mediated glutamate transmission may be especially implicated, though there are also direct and indirect links to dopamine and GABA signalling. Hence, there is a correspondence between the putative roles of the genes at the molecular and synaptic levels and the existing understanding of the disorder at the neural systems level. Characterization of a core molecular pathway and a 'genetic cytoarchitecture' would be a profound advance in understanding schizophrenia, and may have equally significant therapeutic implications.

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Authors: Harrison, P. J., & Weinberger, D. R.
Affiliations: Warneford Hospital (GB)
National Institutes of Health (US)
ORCID: Harrison, P J
Weinberger, D R
Venue: Molecular Psychiatry
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2004-07-20
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 40-68
ISSN: 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
1476-5578
DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001558
OpenAlex: W2071090720
Cited by: 2,020
References: 399
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 102 · 2013: 92 · 2012: 129
FWCI: 22.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: erratum (2005-03-29)
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords: schizophrenia, schizophrenia genetics, susceptibility genes, gene expression, synaptic plasticity, cortical microcircuitry, NMDA receptor, glutamatergic neurotransmission, dopamine signalling, GABA signalling, neuregulin, dysbindin, catechol-O-methyltransferase, DISC1, RGS4, GRM3, G72, hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal thalamus, brain connectivity
MeSH terms: Dysbindin, Brain, Carrier Proteins, Catechol O-Methyltransferase, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Schizophrenia, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neuregulin-1, Dystrophin-Associated Proteins

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Schizophrenia genes, gene expression, and neuropathology: on the matter of their convergence

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