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Methylphenidate Increases Cortical Excitability via Activation of Alpha-2 Noradrenergic Receptors
Open accessAbstract
Although methylphenidate (MPH), a catecholaminergic reuptake blocker, is prescribed for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, there is a dearth of information regarding the cellular basis of its actions. To address this issue, we used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings to investigate the roles of various catecholamine receptors in MPH-induced changes in cortical neuron excitability. We bath-applied dopamine or noradrenaline receptor antagonists in combination with MPH to pyramidal cells located in deep layers of the infralimbic and prelimbic prefrontal cortices. Application of MPH (10 microM) by itself increased cortical cell excitability in slices obtained from juvenile rats. This MPH-mediated increase in excitability was lost when catecholamines were depleted with reserpine prior to recording, demonstrating the requirement for a presynaptic monoamine component. Antagonist studies further revealed that stimulation of alpha-2 noradrenergic receptors mediates the MPH-induced increase in intrinsic excitability. Dopamine D1 receptors played no observable role in the actions of MPH. We therefore propose that MPH is acting to increase catecholaminergic tone in the PFC, and thereby increases cortical excitability by mediating the disinhibition of pyramidal cells through mechanisms that may include activation of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors located in interneurons.
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“Multiple studies have demonstrated that MPH also directly interacts with adrenergic receptors (109, 115, 119, 120). Through activation of α2 adrenergic receptors, MPH has been demonstrated to stimulate cortical excitability (109).”
In the citing paper
“Moreover, it has been shown that MPH exerts excitatory actions on PFC neurons by activating ADRA2 [175, 176].”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [176]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Andrews, G. D., & Lavin, A.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 2005-07-06
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 594-601
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- 1740-634X
- PMC
- PMC5509071
- OpenAlex
- W2018418849
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (14698)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA014698, R56DA014698, DA 14698)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- methylphenidate, alpha2-adrenoceptors, cortical excitability, prefrontal cortex, pyramidal neurons, catecholamine depletion, reserpine, dopamine D1 receptor, norepinephrine, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, disinhibition, interneurons
- MeSH terms
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Animals, Catecholamines, Cerebral Cortex, Dopamine, Electrophysiology, Male, Methylphenidate, Nerve Net, Norepinephrine, Prefrontal Cortex, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2, Dopamine Agonists, Rats, In Vitro Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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