Effects of plant stanol or sterol-enriched diets on lipid profiles in patients treated with statins: systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Efficacy and safety data from trials with suitable endpoints have shown that non-statin medication in combination with a statin is a potential strategy to further reduce cardiovascular events. We aimed to evaluate the overall effect of stanol- or sterol-enriched diets on serum lipid profiles in patients treated with statins by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used the PubMed, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases to search for literature published up to December 2015. Trials were included in the analysis if they were RCTs evaluating the effect of plant stanols or sterols in patients under statin therapy that reported corresponding data on serum lipid profiles. We included 15 RCTs involving a total of 500 participants. Stanol- or sterol-enriched diets in combination with statins, compared with statins alone, produced significant reductions in total cholesterol of 0.30 mmol/L (95% CI −0.36 to −0.25) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 0.30 mmol/L (95% CI −0.35 to −0.25), but not in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides. These results persisted in the subgroup analysis. Our meta-analysis provides further evidence that stanol- or sterol-enriched diets additionally lower total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients treated with statins beyond that achieved by statins alone.
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Stanol- or sterol-enriched diets in combination with statins, compared with statins alone, produce significant reductions in LDL-C of 0.30 mmol/L.
“stanol- or sterol-enriched diets in combination with statins, compared with statins alone, produced significant reductions in LDL-C of 0.30 mmol/L [95% confidence interval (CI) − 0.35 to − 0.25]”
From Nutraceuticals in the Management of Dyslipidemia: Which, When, and for Whom? Could Nutraceuticals Help Low-Risk Individuals with Non-optimal Lipid Levels? (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
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MODERN APPROACHES TO DYSLIPIDEMIA TREATMENT IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Yakushin, S. S., Филиппов, Е. В., & Petrov, V. S. (2017) · Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council · doi:10.21518/2079-701x-2017-12-105-111
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Chevli, P. A., & Shapiro, M. D. (2021) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78177-4_13
Cardiothoracic Surgery and Nutrition
Patel, R., & Nixon, A. (2023) · doi:10.1002/9781119809128.ch10
Tsolakou, A., Papakonstantinou, N., Konstantinidis, D., Papanikolaοu, C., Diamantakos, P., Economou, V., Melliou, E., Tsioufis, C. P., Magiatis, P., & Drakoulis, N. (2025) · International Journal of Functional Nutrition · doi:10.3892/ijfn.2025.44
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Ağagündüz, D., & Arslan, S. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27370-4.00028-7
La dyslipidémie chez les enfants : le diagnostic, l’évaluation et la prise en charge
Khoury, M., Bigras, J., Cummings, E. A., Harris, K. C., Hegele, R. A., Henderson, M., Morrison, K. M., St‐Pierre, J., Wong, P. D., & McCrindle, B. W. (2026) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/pxag022
Miedes, D., Mercatante, D., Broseta, S., Cilla, A., Rodríguez‐Estrada, M. T., & Alegrı́a, A. (2026) · Journal of Dietary Supplements · doi:10.1080/19390211.2026.2695120
Buranapin, S., Tejavanija, S., Wongthanee, A., & Manosroi, W. (2026) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-026-04138-w
- Authors
- Han, S., Jiao, J., Xu, J., Zimmermann, D., Actis-Goretta, L., Guan, L., Zhao, Y., & Qin, L.
- Affiliations
- Soochow University (CN)
- Nestlé (Switzerland) (CH)
- Nestlé (China) (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhao, Youyou
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2016-08-19
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31337-31337
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4990897
- OpenAlex
- W2509321395
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Nestec
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Natural Products and Biological Research
- Keywords
- plant stanols, phytosterols, statin therapy, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, dietary supplementation, cardiovascular risk reduction, hypercholesterolemia
- MeSH terms
- Cholesterol, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Lipids, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Phytosterols, Triglycerides, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Lipid Metabolism
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