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Cited by 350Atmospheric Ozone and ClimateAtmospheric aerosols and cloudsAtmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth’s surface

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McKenzie, Richard L., Björn, Lars Olof, Bais, Alkiviadis, Ilyasd, Mohammad·2003·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences
DOI 10.1039/b211155c
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Abstract

Since publication of the 1998 UNEP Assessment, there has been continued rapid expansion of the literature on UV-B radiation. Many measurements have demonstrated the inverse relationship between column ozone amount and UV radiation, and in a few cases long-term increases due to ozone decreases have been identified. The quantity, quality and availability of ground-based UV measurements relevant to assessing the environmental impacts of ozone changes continue to improve. Recent studies have contributed to delineating regional and temporal differences due to aerosols, clouds, and ozone. Improvements in radiative transfer modelling capability now enable more accurate characterization of clouds, snow-cover, and topographical effects. A standardized scale for reporting UV to the public has gained wide acceptance. There has been increased use of satellite data to estimate geographic variability and trends in UV. Progress has been made in assessing the utility of satellite retrievals of UV radiation by comparison with measurements at the Earth's surface. Global climatologies of UV radiation are now available on the Internet. Anthropogenic aerosols play a more important role in attenuating UV irradiances than has been assumed previously, and this will have implications for the accuracy of UV retrievals from satellite data. Progress has been made inferring historical levels of UV radiation using measurements of ozone (from satellites or from ground-based networks) in conjunction with measurements of total solar radiation obtained from extensive meteorological networks. We cannot yet be sure whether global ozone has reached a minimum. Atmospheric chlorine concentrations are beginning to decrease. However, bromine concentrations are still increasing. While these halogen concentrations remain high, the ozone layer remains vulnerable to further depletion from events such as volcanic eruptions that inject material into the stratosphere. Interactions between global warming and ozone depletion could delay ozone recovery by several years, and this topic remains an area of intense research interest. Future changes in greenhouse gases will affect the future evolution of ozone through chemical, radiative, and dynamic processes In this highly coupled system, an evaluation of the relative importance of these processes is difficult: studies are ongoing. A reliable assessment of these effects on total column ozone is limited by uncertainties in lower stratospheric response to these changes. At several sites, changes in UV differ from those expected from ozone changes alone, possibly as a result of long-term changes in aerosols, snow cover, or clouds. This indicates a possible interaction between climate change and UV radiation. Cloud reflectance measured by satellite has shown a long-term increase at some locations, especially in the Antarctic region, but also in Central Europe, which would tend to reduce the UV radiation. Even with the expected decreases in atmospheric chlorine, it will be several years before the beginning of an ozone recovery can be unambiguously identified at individual locations. Because UV-B is more variable than ozone, any identification of its recovery would be further delayed.

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  • Among UVR groups, UV-B produces adverse effects on diverse habitats, although most extraterrestrial UV-B is absorbed by stratospheric ozone.

    “In all the groups of UVR (i.e., UV-A: 315–400 nm; UV-B: 280–315 nm; UV-C: <280 nm) UV-B radiation produces adverse effects on diverse habitats, even though most of the extraterrestrial UV-B is absorbed by the stratospheric ozone [12].”

    From Molecular Mechanisms of Ultraviolet Radiation‐Induced DNA Damage and Repair (2010) · cites this paper as [12]

    The section on factors affecting surface UV says shorter UV-B wavelengths are particularly sensitive to ozone depletion and that reduced ozone increases damaging radiation for environmental processes (page not provided). This supports the general link between ozone and harmful UV-B, but the copy does not establish that most incoming UV-B is absorbed by stratospheric ozone or document adverse effects across diverse habitats. (LLM, conf=0.78)

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2 of the 79 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 13

  1. R. L. McKenzie, G. E. Bodeker, B. J. Connor, P. V. Johnston, M. Kotkamp and W. A. Matthews, Increases in Summertime UV radiation in New Zealand: an update, in Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, eds. R. D. Bojkov and K. Shibasaki, EORC/NASDA, Tokyo, 2000, pp. 237-238.
  2. M. M. Caldwell, C. L. Ballaré, J. F. Bornman, S. D. Flint, L. O. Björn, A. H. Teramura, G. Kulandaivelu and M. Tevini Terrestrial ecosystems, increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2003, in press.
  3. S. B. Diaz, G. Deferrari, C. R. Booth, D. Martinioni and A. Oberto, Solar irradiances over Ushuaia (54.49ЊS, 68.19ЊW) and San Diego (32.45ЊN, 117.11ЊW) geographical and seasonal variation, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 2001, 63, 309-320.
  4. A. Cede, E. Luccini, L. Nuñez, R. D. Piacentini and M. Blumthaler, Monitoring of erythemal irradiance in the Argentina ultraviolet network, J. Geophys. Res., 2002, in press.
  5. F. Zaratti, R. Forno, J. Garcia and M. Andrade, Erythemally- weighted UV-B variations at two high altitude locations, J. Geophys. Res., 2002, in press.
  6. K. F. Evans, The spherical harmonics discrete ordinate method for three-dimensional atmospheric radiative transfer, J. Atmos. Sci., 1998, 55, 429-446.
  7. W. O'Hirok and C. Gautier, A three-dimensional radiative transfer model to investigate the solar radiation within a cloudy atmosphere. part II: Spectral effects, J. Atmos. Sci., 1998, 55, 3065-3076.
  8. M. Huber, M. Blumthaler and J. Schreder, Effect of ambient temperature and internal relative humidity on spectral sensitivity of UV detectors, in SPIE 46th Annual Meeting, eds J. Slusser, J. Herman and W. Gao, SPIE, Washington DC, 2002, vol. 4482, pp. 187-193.
  9. R. D. Piacentini, E. Crino, J. S. Flores, J. y. M. Ginzburg, Intercomparison between ground based and TOMS/EP satellite southern hemisphere ozone data. New results, in Proceedings SPARC (Stratospheric Processes and their Role on Climate) 2000, SPARC, CD/SPARC web page, P/2-3.2., 2000.
  10. B. Rognerud and I. Isaksen, Model calculations of stratospheric ozone recovery, in NDSC Conference, Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change, 2001.
  11. C. A. McLinden, S. C. Olsen, M. J. Prather and J. B. Liley, Understanding trends in stratospheric NO y and NO 2 , J. Geophys. Res., 2001, 106, 27787-27793.
  12. P. Bunyard, How ozone-depletion increases global warming, The Ecologist, 1999, 29, 85.
  13. R. G. Zepp, T. V. Callaghan and D. J. Erickson Interactive effects of ozone depletion and climate change on biogeochemical cycles, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2003, in press.

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Authors
McKenzie, R. L., Björn, L. O., Bais, A., & Ilyasd, M.
Affiliations
  • National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NZ)
  • Lund University (SE)
  • Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
  • Universiti Sains Malaysia (MY)
Corresponding author
McKenzie, Richard L.
ORCID
Venue
Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2003-01
Volume
2
Issue
1
Pages
5-15
ISSN
  • 1474-905X (ISSN-L)
  • 1474-9092
DOI
10.1039/b211155c
OpenAlex
W4230235086
Cited by
350
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 12
FWCI
3.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
Keywords
UV-B radiation, surface ultraviolet radiation, ozone column, ozone depletion, anthropogenic aerosols, cloud reflectivity, snow cover, total solar radiation, bromine, chlorine, volcanic eruptions, ozone recovery, radiative transfer modelling
MeSH terms
Humans, Public Health, Seasons, Ultraviolet Rays, Spacecraft, Earth, Planet

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