Rufloxacin induced photosensitization in bio-models of increasing complexity
Abstract
Rufloxacin belongs to the class of fluoroquinolones that act mainly as specific inhibitors of bacterial Topoisomerase II. These drugs are widely known to be involved in various diseases ranging from cutaneous reactions to aging. The type II photosensitizing activity of Rufloxacin has been already demonstrated on calf thymus DNA and free nucleosides. The aim of this study is to examine in control untreated and UVA irradiated human fibroblasts the modifications on DNA status induced by Rufloxacin added in the culture medium. This allows to investigate the photosensitizing activity of Rufloxacin in a more complex cell model. Fibroblasts, either in the presence or in the absence of Rufloxacin, were exposed to UVA irradiation for different times. An experimental protocol was followed in order to evaluate the amount of single-strand breaks (SSB) and double-strand breaks (DSB) DNA fragmentation by comet assay, and plasmid photocleavage. The presence of oxidized bases was also evaluated using the 8-OH-dGuo test. The comet assay test was also employed to assess cellular repair capacity. The intracellular drug concentration was verified by HPLC-MS. The results confirming the role of Rufloxacin as photosensitizer were: (i) a time-dependent increase in DNA fragmentation when fibroblasts were irradiated in the presence of Rufloxacin; (ii) the efficiency of the cellular repair machinery to be exhaustive after 2 h (whereas no correlation between irradiation time and DNA damage repair was observed with a higher level of DNA fragmentation after shorter irradiation times); (iii) the increased number of cells exhibiting high DNA fragmentation, seen as comets with long tails, was not accompanied by a similar large extent of oxidised DNA base formation, as measured by 8-OH-dGuo analysis; (iv) the double helix SSB, formed in plasmid photosensitization, agreed with the comet assay results, pointing out a good correlation among the cell system and the simpler models used.
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Formation of 8-oxoGua is observed in the DNA of cells photosensitized by norfloxacin and rufloxacin.
“Formation of 8-oxoGua was observed in the DNA of cells photosensitized by norfloxacin (93) and rufloxacin (179,180).”
From Photoinduced Damage to Cellular DNA: Direct and Photosensitized Reactions<sup>†</sup> (2012) · cites this paper as [179]
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- Authors
- Catalfo, A., Scifo, C., Stella, S., Belvedere, A., Renis, M., & De Guidi, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Catania (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Renis, Marcella
- Venue
- Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 304-314
- ISSN
- 1474-905X (ISSN-L)
- 1474-9092
- OpenAlex
- W2076368983
- Semantic Scholar
- 8edb6a3ee25ae3c582f40cf77885819cb085f65e
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Università di Catania
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Keywords
- rufloxacin, photosensitization, UVA irradiation, human fibroblasts, DNA damage, single-strand breaks, DNA double-strand breaks, DNA repair, fluoroquinolones, drug-induced DNA damage
- MeSH terms
- 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, Cells, Cultured, Deoxyguanosine, DNA Repair, Fibroblasts, Ultraviolet Rays, Quinolones, Biomarkers, Photosensitizing Agents, Comet Assay, Fluoroquinolones
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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