Advanced carbon aerogels for energy applications
Abstract
Carbon aerogels are a unique class of high-surface-area materials derived by sol–gel chemistry. Their high mass-specific surface area and electrical conductivity, environmental compatibility and chemical inertness make them very promising materials for many energy related applications, specifically in view of recent developments in controlling their morphology. In this perspective we will review the synthesis of monolithic resorcinol–formaldehyde based carbon aerogels with hierarchical porosities for energy applications, including carbon nanotube and graphene composite carbon aerogels, as well as their functionalization by surface engineering. Applications that we will discuss include hydrogen and electrical energy storage, desalination and catalysis.
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CAs exhibit anaerobic stability and little interfacial contact resistance, and have perfect electrical conductivity and biocompatible porosity derived from the tunable 3D hierarchical morphology with ultrafine sizes and conductive framework.
“Thus, CAs exhibit not only have anaerobic stability and little interfacial contact resistance, but also the perfect electrical conductivity and biocompatible porosity derived from the tunable 3D hierarchical morphology with ultrafine sizes and conductive framework [31,33].”
From Self-supported microbial carbon aerogel bioelectrocatalytic anode promoting extracellular electron transfer for efficient hydrogen evolution (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
Aerogels have emerged as versatile platforms for sensors because they are characterised by many pores, a substantial specific surface area, and interconnected pathways facilitating mass and charge transport.
“Among the various materials explored for sensors, aerogels have emerged as versatile platforms because it is characterised by many pores, a substantial specific surface area, and interconnected pathways facilitating mass and charge transport [17].”
From Dual-function aerogel electrocatalyst enabling efficient hydrogen production and ambient-temperature hydrogen detection (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Biener, J., Stadermann, M., Suss, M., Worsley, M. A., Biener, M. M., Rose, K. A., & Baumann, T. F.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Biener, Juergen
- ORCID
- Venue
- Energy & Environmental Science
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2011
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 656
- ISSN
- 1754-5692 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-5706
- OpenAlex
- W2106451808
- Cited by
- 651
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 20.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Energy & Environmental Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Aerogels and thermal insulation
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Keywords
- carbon aerogels, resorcinol-formaldehyde, hierarchical porosity, carbon nanotube composites, graphene composites, surface functionalization, hydrogen storage, electrical energy storage, desalination, catalysis, high surface area materials
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