Scaling laws at the nanosize: the effect of particle size and shape on the magnetism and relaxivity of iron oxide nanoparticle contrast agents
Open accessAbstract
The magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles govern their relaxivities and efficacy as contrast agents for MRI. These properties are in turn determined by their composition, size and morphology. Herein we present a systematic study of the effect of particle size and shape of magnetite nanocrystals synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron salts on both their magnetism and longitudinal and transverse relaxivities, r1 and r2, respectively. Faceted nanoparticles demonstrate superior magnetism and relaxivities to spherical nanoparticles of similar size. For faceted nanoparticles, but not for spherical ones, r1 and r2 further increase with increasing particle size up to a size of 18 nm. This observation is in accordance with increasing saturation magnetization for nanoparticles increasing in size up to 12 nm, above which a plateau is observed. The NMRD (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Dispersion) profiles of MIONs (Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles) display an increase in longitudinal relaxivity with decreasing magnetic field strength with a plateau below 1 MHz. The transverse relaxivity shows no dependence on the magnetic field strength between 20 MHz and 500 MHz. These observations translate to phantom MR images: in T1-weighted SWIFT (SWeep Imaging with Fourier Transform) images MIONs have a positive contrast with little dependence on the particle size, whereas in T2-weighted gradient-echo images MIONs create a negative contrast which increases in magnitude with increasing particle size. Altogether, these results will enable the development of particulate MRI contrast agents with enhanced efficacy for biomedical and clinical applications.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Different parameters like core size of SPION, shape, hydrodynamic diameter, size distribution, nanoparticle coating and aggregation influence the longitudinal and transverse relaxivities of iron oxide nanoparticles.
“Different parameters like core size of SPION, shape, hydrodynamic diameter, size distribution, nanoparticles coating and aggregation influence the longitudinal and transverse relaxivities of iron oxide nanoparticles.”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [109]
r2 typically shows a linear increase with increasing particle core size from 4-5 to 18 nm, while r1 remains rather invariant for particles larger than approximately 8 nm.
“While r2 typically shows a linear increase with increasing the particle core size from 4-5 to 18 nm, r1 remains rather invariant for particles larger than approximately 8 nm.”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [109]
For small clusters, r2 gradually increases with hydrodynamic diameter up until approximately 80 nm.
“Regarding the effect of hydrodynamic diameter and aggregation on relaxivities, r2 gradually increases with the hydrodynamic diameter (up until approximately 80 nm) for small clusters, because SPION are consistently dispersed in water and protons diffuse between the magnetic cores.”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [109]
For large clusters, if the size exceeds 90 nm, r2 decreases with increasing size due to a reduction in proton exchange rate arising from reduced surface accessibility.
“In the case of large clusters, if the size exceeds 90 nm, r2 decreases with increasing size due to a reduction in the proton exchange rate arising from the reduction in surface accessibility.”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [109]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Laurent, S., Forge, D., Port, M., Roch, A., Robic, C., Vander Elst, L., & Muller, R. N. (2008) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr068445e · Cited by 6,852 · see citing works
Synthesis and surface engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Gupta, A. K., & Gupta, M. S. (2004) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.10.012 · Cited by 6,795 · see citing works
Monodisperse MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Mn) Nanoparticles
Sun, S., Zeng, H., Robinson, D., Raoux, S., Rice, P. M., Wang, S. X., & Li, G. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0380852 · Cited by 3,441 · see citing works
Heating magnetic fluid with alternating magnetic field
Rosensweig, R. E. (2002) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(02)00706-0 · Cited by 2,552 · see citing works
Exchange anisotropy — a review
Berkowitz, A. E., & Takano, K. (1999) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(99)00453-9 · Cited by 1,658 · see citing works
Static and dynamic magnetic properties of spherical magnetite nanoparticles
Goya, G. F., Berquó, T. S., Fonseca, F. C. C., & Morales, M. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1599959 · Cited by 1,393 · see citing works
Jana, N. R., Chen, Y., & Peng, X. (2004) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/cm049221k · Cited by 870 · see citing works
Freed, J. H. (1978) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.436302 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Size and Surface Effects on the MRI Relaxivity of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticle Contrast Agents
Tromsdorf, U. I., Bigall, N. C., Kaul, M. G., Bruns†, O. T., Nikolić, M. S., Mollwitz†, B., Sperling, R. A., Reimer, R., Hohenberg, H., Parak, W. J., et al. (2007) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/nl071099b · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Theory of proton relaxation induced by superparamagnetic particles
Roch, A., Müller, R. N., & Gillis, P. (1999) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.478435 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Roca, A. G., Morales, M. P., O'Grady, K. D., & Serna, C. J. (2006) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/17/11/010 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Key factors in the acquisition of contrast kinetic data for oncology
Evelhoch, J. L. (1999) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(199909)10:3 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Fast and quiet MRI using a swept radiofrequency
Idiyatullin, D., Corum, C. A., Park, J., & Garwood, M. (2006) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2006.05.014 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Effect of Nature and Particle Size on Properties of Uniform Magnetite and Maghemite Nanoparticles
Roca, A. G., Marco, J. F., Morales, M. P., & Serna, C. J. (2007) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp075133m · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Size-dependant heating rates of iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic fluid hyperthermia
Gonzales-Weimuller, M., Zeisberger, M., & Krishnan, K. M. (2008) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.12.017 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Magnetic resonance relaxation properties of superparamagnetic particles
Gossuin, Y., Gillis, P., Hocq, A., Vuong, Q. L., & Roch, A. (2009) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1002/wnan.36 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Theory of 1/T1 and 1/T2 NMRD profiles of solutions of magnetic nanoparticles
Koenig, S. H., & Kellar, K. E. (1995) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910340214 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Tuning the Size, the Shape, and the Magnetic Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Guardia, P., Labarta, A., & Batlle, X. (2010) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp1084982 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Polymer Mediated Self-Assembly of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Sun, S., Anders, S., Hamann, H. F., Thiele, J.-U., Baglin, J. E. E., Thomson, T., Fullerton, E. E., Murray, C. B., & Terris, B. D. (2002) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0176503 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Gamarra, L. F., Silva, A. C., de Oliveira, T. R., Mamani, J. B., Malheiros, S. M. F., Malavolta, L., Pavon, L. F., Sibov, T. T., Amaro, E., & Gamarra, L. F. (2011) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s14737 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Gadolinium and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
Grobner, T., & Prischl, F. C. (2007) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5002338 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Size dependent catalysis with CTAB-stabilized gold nanoparticles
Fenger, R., Fertitta, E., Kirmse, H., Thünemann, A. F., & Rademann, K. (2012) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c2cp40792b · Cited by 284 · see citing works
On T2‐shortening by strongly magnetized spheres: A partial refocusing model
Gillis, P., Moiny, F., & Brooks, R. A. (2002) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.10059 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Superparamagnetic colloid suspensions: Water magnetic relaxation and clustering
Roch, A., Gossuin, Y., Müller, R. N., & Gillis, P. (2005) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.01.070 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Ayant, Y., Belorizky, É., Aluzon, J., & Gallice, J. (1975) · Journal de physique · doi:10.1051/jphys:019750036010099100 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Vuong, Q. L., Berret, J., Fresnais, J., Gossuin, Y., & Sandre, O. (2012) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201200078 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Anomalous properties of magnetic nanoparticles
Berkowitz, A. E., Kodama, R. H., Makhlouf, S. A., Parker, F. T., Spada, F. E., McNiff, E. J., & Foner, S. (1999) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(98)00845-2 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
One-pot synthesis of monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications
Xie, J., Peng, S., Brower, N., Pourmand, N., Wang, S. X., & Sun, S. (2006) · Pure and Applied Chemistry · doi:10.1351/pac200678051003 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Qiu, P., Jensen, C., Njoku, C., Towner, R. A., & Mao, C. (2010) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja102138a · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Carboxylic acid-stabilised iron oxide nanoparticles for use in magnetic hyperthermia
Thomas, L. A., Dekker, L., Kallumadil, M., Southern, P., Wilson, M., Nair, S. P., Pankhurst, Q. A., & Parkin, I. P. (2009) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b908187a · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Kellar, K. E., Fujii, D. K., Gunther, W. H. H., Briley-S�b�, K., Bj�rnerud, A., Spiller, M., & Koenig, S. H. (2000) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(200005)11:5 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Smolensky, E. D., Park, H. E., Berquó, T. S., & Pierre, V. C. (2010) · Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1002/cmmi.417 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Frequency dependence of MR relaxation times II. Iron oxides
Bulte, J. W. M., Vymazal, J., Brooks, R. A., Pierpaoli, C. M., & Frank, J. A. (1993) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.1880030414 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Magnetic properties of monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles
Lin, C.-R., Chiang, R., Wang, J.-S., & Sung, T. (2006) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.2172891 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Corrected Equations for Susceptibility-InducedT2-Shortening
Gillis, P., Roch, A., & Brooks, R. A. (1999) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1006/jmre.1998.1691 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Effect of pressure on the size of magnetite nanoparticles in the coprecipitation synthesis
Yazdani, F., & EDRISSI, M. (2010) · Materials Science and Engineering B · doi:10.1016/j.mseb.2010.03.077 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Configurational anisotropy in single‐domain and pseudosingle‐domain grains of magnetite
Williams, W., Muxworthy, A. R., & Paterson, G. A. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2006jb004556 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Roch, A., Gillis, P., Ouakssim, A., & Müller, R. N. (1999) · Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials · doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(99)00078-5 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Saravanan, P., Alam, S., & Mathur, G. N. (2003) · Journal of Materials Science Letters · doi:10.1023/a:1025470405000 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Water relaxation by SPM particles: Neglecting the magnetic anisotropy? A caveat
Roch, A., Müller, R. N., & Gillis, P. (2001) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.1157 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A responsive particulate MRI contrast agent for copper(i): a cautionary tale
Smolensky, E. D., Marjańska, M., & Pierre, V. C. (2012) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c2dt30416c · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Dunlop, D. J., Xu, S., Özdemir, Ö., AlMawlawi, D., & Moskovits, M. (1993) · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/0031-9201(93)90060-m · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [6]Silva A Oliveira T Mamani J Malheiros S Malavolta L Pavon L Sibov T Amaro E Atannus A Vidoto E Matrins M Santos R Gamarra L Int. J. Nanomedicine 2011 6 591 603 21674016 PMC3107718
- [44]Smolensky ED Marjanska M Pierre VC Dalton Trans 2012 41 8039 8046 22585342 PMC3695634
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wu, W., Wu, Z., Yu, T., Jiang, C., & Kim, W.-S. (2015) · Science and Technology of Advanced Materials · doi:10.1088/1468-6996/16/2/023501 · Cited by 1,574 · see citing works
Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications
Dadfar, S. M., Roemhild, K., Drude, N. I., von Stillfried, S., Knüchel, R., Kiessling, F., & Lammers, T. (2019) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.005 · Cited by 1,181 · see citing works
Magnetite nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring: recent advances
Revia, R. A., & Zhang, M. (2015) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2015.08.022 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Structure–Relaxivity Relationships of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Zhou, Z., Yang, L., Gao, J., & Chen, X. S. (2019) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201804567 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Ganapathe, L. S., Mohamed, M. A., Yunus, R. M., & Berhanuddin, D. D. (2020) · Magnetochemistry · doi:10.3390/magnetochemistry6040068 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Design of iron oxide-based nanoparticles for MRI and magnetic hyperthermia
Blanco-Andujar, C., Walter, A., Cotin, G., Bordeianu, C., Mertz, D., Felder-Flesch, D., & Begin-Colin, S. (2016) · Nanomedicine · doi:10.2217/nnm-2016-5001 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Dadfar, S. M., Camozzi, D., Darguzyte, M., Roemhild, K., Varvarà, P., Metselaar, J. M., Banala, S., Straub, M., Güvener, N., Engelmann, U., et al. (2020) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-020-0580-1 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Small is Smarter: Nano MRI Contrast Agents – Advantages and Recent Achievements
Gao, Z., Ma, T., Zhao, E.-Y., Docter, D., Yang, W., Stauber, R. H., & Gao, M. (2015) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201502309 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Targeted nanotechnology for cancer imaging
Toy, R., Bauer, L., Hoimes, C. J., Ghaghada, K. B., & Karathanasis, E. (2014) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2014.08.002 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Co x Fe 3– x O 4 Nanocubes for Theranostic Applications: Effect of Cobalt Content and Particle Size
Sathya, A., Guardia, P., Brescia, R., Silvestri, N., Pugliese, G., Nitti, S., Manna, L., & Pellegrino, T. (2016) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04780 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Nanostructured magnetic nanocomposites as MRI contrast agents
Peng, E., Wang, F., & Xue, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c4tb02023e · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Walter, A., Billotey, C., Garofalo, A., Ulhaq-Bouillet, C., Lefèvre, C., Taleb, J., Laurent, S., Elst, L. V., Müller, R. N., Lartigue, L., et al. (2014) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/cm5019025 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Kouhpanji, M. R. Z., & Stadler, B. J. H. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20092554 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Ghazi, R., Ibrahim, T. K., Nasir, J. A., Gai, S., Ali, G., Boukhris, I., & Rehman, Z. (2025) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d5ra00728c · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Magnetite-Gold nanohybrids as ideal all-in-one platforms for theranostics
Efremova, M. V., Naumenko, V., Spasova, M., Garanina, A. S., Abakumov, M. A., Blokhina, A. D., Melnikov, P., Prelovskaya, A. O., Heidelmann, M., Li, Z., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29618-w · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Multifunctional plasmonic-magnetic nanoparticles for bioimaging and hyperthermia
de la Encarnación, C., de Aberasturi, D. J., & Liz‐Marzán, L. M. (2022) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2022.114484 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Cotin, G., Kiefer, C., Perton, F., Ihiawakrim, D., Blanco-Andujar, C., Moldovan, S., Lefèvre, C., Ersen, O., Pichon, B. P., Mertz, D., et al. (2018) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano8110881 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Díez, A. G., Rincón‐Iglesias, M., Lanceros-Méndez, S., Reguera, J., & Lizundia, E. (2022) · Materials Today Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101220 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Synthesis, Functionalization, and Biomedical Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs)
Salehirozveh, M., Dehghani, P., & Mijakovic̀, I. (2024) · Journal of Functional Biomaterials · doi:10.3390/jfb15110340 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Nelson, N., Port, J. D., & Pandey, M. K. (2020) · Journal of Nanotheranostics · doi:10.3390/jnt1010008 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Stable monodisperse nanomagnetic colloidal suspensions: An overview
Ramimoghadam, D., Bagheri, S., & Hamid, S. B. A. (2015) · Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.02.003 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Reyes‐Ortega, F., Delgado, Á. V., & Iglesias, G. R. (2021) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano11030627 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Vascular targeting of nanoparticles for molecular imaging of diseased endothelium
Atukorale, P. U., Covarrubias, G., Bauer, L., & Karathanasis, E. (2016) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2016.09.006 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Application
Cotin, G., Piant, S., Mertz, D., Felder‐Flesch, D., & Bégin‐Colin, S. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101925-2.00002-4 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Huang, J., Wang, L., Zhong, X., Li, Y., Yang, L. P. H., & Mao, H. Z. (2014) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c4tb00811a · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Magnetosomes, Biogenic Magnetic Nanomaterials for Brain Molecular Imaging with 17.2 T MRI Scanner
Mériaux, S., Boucher, M., Marty, B., Lalatonne, Y., Prévéral, S., Motte, L., Lefèvre, C. T., Geffroy, F., Lethimonnier, F., Péan, M., et al. (2015) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201400756 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Yang, L., Zhou, Z., Liu, H., Wu, C., Zhang, H., Huang, G., Ai, H., & Gao, J. (2015) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c5nr00774g · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Casula, M. F., Conca, E., Bakaimi, I., Sathya, A., Materia, M. E., Casu, A., Falqui, A., Sogne, E., Pellegrino, T., & Kanaras, A. G. (2016) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c6cp02094a · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Κωστοπούλου, Α., & Lappas, A. (2015) · Nanotechnology Reviews · doi:10.1515/ntrev-2014-0034 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Basuki, J. S., Jacquemin, A., Esser, L., Li, Y., Boyer, C. A., & Davis, T. P. (2014) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c3py01778h · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Size-Controlled Synthesis of Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by the Rapid Inductive Heating Method
Sharma, P., Holliger, N., Pfromm, P. H., Liu, B., & Chikán, V. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c02793 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Augustine, R., Mamun, A. A., Hasan, A., Salam, S. A., Chandrasekaran, R., Ahmed, R., & Thakor, A. S. (2021) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2021.102457 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Basuki, J. S., Esser, L., Zetterlund, P. B., Whittaker, M. R., Boyer, C. A., & Davis, T. P. (2013) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma401250f · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Gao, X., Guo, L., Li, J., Thu, H. E., & Hussain, Z. (2018) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.024 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Cylindrical Magnetic Nanowires Applications
Moreno, J. A., Bran, C., Vázquez, M., & Kosel, J. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Magnetics · doi:10.1109/tmag.2021.3055338 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Pierre, V. C., Harris, S. M., & Pailloux, S. (2018) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00301 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Cotin, G., Blanco-Andujar, C., Perton, F., Asín, L., de la Fuente, J. M., Reichardt, W., Schaffner, D., Ngyen, D.-V., Mertz, D., Kiefer, C., et al. (2021) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/d1nr03335b · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Cervadoro, A., Cho, M., Key, J., Cooper, C. L., Stigliano, C., Aryal, S., Brazdeikis, A., Leary, J. F., & Decuzzi, P. (2014) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/am504270c · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Electrodeposited Fe and Fe–Au nanowires as MRI contrast agents
Shore, D., Pailloux, S., Zhang, J., Gage, T. E., Flannigan, D. J., Garwood, M., Pierre, V. C., & Stadler, B. J. H. (2016) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c6cc06991f · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Narayanaswamy, V., Sangaraju, S., Saj, A., Alaabed, S., Issa, B. A., Al‐Omari, I. A., & Obaidat, I. M. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26040796 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Franzoso, F., Nisticò, R., Cesano, F., Corazzari, I., Turci, F., Scarano, D., Prevot, A. B., Magnacca, G., Carlos, L., & Mártire, D. O. (2016) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.120 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Pernal, S. P., Wu, V., & Uskoković, V. (2017) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.7b15116 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Castellanos-Rubio, I., Rodrigo, I., Munshi, R., Arriortua, O. K., Garitaonandia, J. S., Martínez-Amesti, A., Plazaola, F., Orúe, I., Pralle, A., & Insausti, M. (2019) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c9nr04970c · Cited by 52 · see citing works
The Effect of Surface Coating of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxivity
Ahmadpoor, F., Masood, A., Feliu, N., Parak, W. J., & Shojaosadati, S. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Nanotechnology · doi:10.3389/fnano.2021.644734 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Narayanaswamy, V., Poojar, P., Qurishi, Y., Geethanath, S., & Srivastava, C. (2015) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.4918605 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Liu, E., Zhang, M., Cui, H., Gong, J., Huang, Y., Wang, J., Cui, Y., Dong, W., Sun, L., He, H., et al. (2018) · Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B · doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2018.07.012 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Sánchez‐Cabezas, S., Robles, R. M., Gallo, J., Sancenón, F., & Martínez‐Máñez, R. (2019) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c8dt04685a · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Multifunctional Fe3O4-Au Nanoparticles for the MRI Diagnosis and Potential Treatment of Liver Cancer
Kozenkova, E., Levada, K. V., Efremova, M. V., Omelyanchik, A. S., Nalench, Y. A., Garanina, A. S., Pshenichnikov, S. E., Геннадьевич, Ж. Д., Lunov, O., Lunová, M., et al. (2020) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano10091646 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Hannecart, A., Stanicki, D., Elst, L. V., Müller, R. N., Lecommandoux, S., Thévenot, J., Bonduelle, C. V., Trotier, A. J., Massot, P., Miraux, S., et al. (2015) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c4nr07064j · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles: Correlation of Structure and Magnetism
Pacáková, B., Kubíčková, S., Řezníčková, A., Nižňanský, D., & Vejpravová, J. (2017) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/66074 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Şentürk, F., Çakmak, S., Koçum, İ. C., Gümüşderelı́oğlu, M., & Öztürk, G. G. (2021) · Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126648 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Pereira, C. R., Pereira, A. M., Rocha, M., Freire, C., & Geraldes, C. F. G. C. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c5tb00789e · Cited by 44 · see citing works
MRI based on iron oxide nanoparticles contrast agents: effect of oxidation state and architecture
Javed, Y., Akhtar, K., Anwar, H., & Jamil, Y. (2017) · Journal of Nanoparticle Research · doi:10.1007/s11051-017-4045-x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Selvam, R., Ramasamy, S., Mohiyuddin, S., Enoch, I. V. M. V., Packirisamy, G., & Filimonov, D. S. (2018) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.058 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Size-selected Fe3O4–Au hybrid nanoparticles for improved magnetism-based theranostics
Efremova, M. V., Nalench, Y. A., Myrovali, E., Garanina, A. S., Grebennikov, I. S., Gifer, P. K., Abakumov, M. A., Spasova, M., Angelakeris, M., Савченко, А. Г., et al. (2018) · Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology · doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.251 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Magnetic Hyperthermia with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: From Toxicity Challenges to Cancer Applications
Bâldea, I., Iacoviță, C., Gurgu, R. A., VIZITIU, A., Răzniceanu, V., & Mitrea, D. R. (2025) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano15191519 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gupta, R., & Sharma, D. (2019) · International Journal of Hyperthermia · doi:10.1080/02656736.2019.1565787 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Carvalho, A., Martins, M. B. F., Corvo, M. L., & Feio, G. M. (2014) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.055 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Mosivand, S., & Kazeminezhad, I. (2015) · CrystEngComm · doi:10.1039/c5ce01789k · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Supercritically dried superparamagnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles for cancer theranostics
Vaz-Ramos, J., Cordeiro, R. A., Castro, M. M. C. A., Geraldes, C. F. G. C., Costa, B. F. O., Faneca, H., & Durães, L. M. R. (2020) · Materials Science and Engineering C · doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.111124 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Zhong, Y., Dai, F., Deng, H., Du, M., Zhang, X., Liu, Q., & Zhang, X. (2014) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c4tb00085d · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Freis, B., Ramírez, M. D. L. Á., Kiefer, C., Harlepp, S., Iacoviță, C., Henoumont, C., Affolter-Zbaraszczuk, C., Meyer, F., Mertz, D., Boos, A., et al. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15041104 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Rafie, S. F., Sayahi, H., Abdollahi, H., & Abu-Zahra, N. H. (2023) · Materials Today Communications · doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.107589 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Kruk, D., Korpała, A., Taheri, S. M., Kozłowski, A., Förster, S., & Rössler, E. A. (2014) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.4871461 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Magnetoluminescent Light Switches – Dual Modality in DNA Detection
Smolensky, E. D., Peterson, K. L., Weitz, E. A., Lewandowski, C. T., & Pierre, V. C. (2013) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja402107x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Chou, C.-Y., Abdesselem, M., Bouzigues, C., Chu, M.-L., Guiga, A., Huang, T.-H., Ferrage, F., Gacoin, T., Alexandrou, A., & Sakellariou, D. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep44770 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Li, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, R., Xu, Z., Xu, Z. P., & Whittaker, A. K. (2018) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.8b01131 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dynamics of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Various Polymeric Coatings
Strączek, T., Fiejdasz, S., Rybicki, D., Goc, K., Przewoźnik, J., Mazur, W., Nowakowska, M., Zapotoczny, S., Rumian, S., & Kapusta, C. (2019) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma12111793 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ramirez, L. M. F., Rihouey, C., Chaubet, F., Cerf, D. L., & Picton, L. (2021) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462404 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cotin, G., Blanco-Andujar, C., Nguyen, D.-V., Affolter, C., Boutry, S., Boos, A., Ronot, P., Uring‐Lambert, B., Choquet, P., Zorn, P.-E., et al. (2019) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ab2998 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Mekseriwattana, W., Guardia, P., Torres‐Herrero, B., de la Fuente, J. M., Kuhakarn, C., Roig, A., & Katewongsa, K. P. (2022) · Nanoscale Advances · doi:10.1039/d2na00015f · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Principles and applications of magnetic nanomaterials in magnetically guided bioimaging
Mohapatra, J., Nigam, S., George, J., Arellano, A. C., Wang, P., & Liu, J. P. (2023) · Materials Today Physics · doi:10.1016/j.mtphys.2023.101003 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Chandunika, R. K., Vijayaraghavan, R., & Sahu, N. K. (2020) · Materials Research Express · doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab955e · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Páez-Muñoz, J. M., Gámez, F., Fernández‐Afonso, Y., Gallardo, R., Leal, M. P., Gutiérrez, L., de la Fuente, J. M., Caro, C., & García‐Martín, M. L. (2023) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d3tb01821k · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Tao, T., Li, Z., Xu, S., Rehman, S. U., Chen, R., Xu, H., Xia, H., Zhang, J., Zhao, H., Wang, J., et al. (2023) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02257 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Situ, S. F., Wickramasinghe, S., Abenojar, E., Erokwu, B. O., Flask, C. A., Lee, Z., & Samia, A. C. S. (2018) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-018-6052-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ma, X., Wang, S., Hu, L., Feng, S., Wu, Z., Liu, S., Duan, S., Chen, Z., Zhou, C., & Zhao, X. (2019) · Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1155/2019/3687537 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Dietrich, J., Enke, A., Wilharm, N., Konieczny, R., Lotnyk, A., Anders, A., & Mayr, S. G. (2023) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano13050786 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Sasi, A., Mustafa, A. H., Sikder, M. B. H., Rashid, S. S., & Rahim, M. H. A. (2024) · Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.bcab.2024.103126 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Abouelnaga, A. M., & Hammad, A. B. A. (2024) · Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Santiago, D. E., Pastrana‐Martínez, L. M., Melián, E. P., Araña, J., Faria, J. L., Silva, A. M. T., Dı́az, O. G., & Doña-Rodrı́guez, J. M. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-018-1586-1 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Stimuli-responsive hybrid materials for 4D in vitro tissue models
Aizarna‐Lopetegui, U., Bittinger, S. C., Álvarez, N., Henriksen‐Lacey, M., & de Aberasturi, D. J. (2025) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102035 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Li, L., Zhang, R., Guo, Y., Zhang, C., Zhao, W., Xu, Z. P., & Whittaker, A. K. (2016) · Nanotechnology · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/27/48/485702 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Rajyashree, L., Manoharan, C., Loganathan, A., & Venkateshwarlu, M. (2023) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics · doi:10.1007/s10854-023-09822-9 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Size and morphological effect of Au–Fe3O4 heterostructures on magnetic resonance imaging
Lin, F.-H., Peng, H., Yang, Y.-H., & Doong, R. (2013) · Journal of Nanoparticle Research · doi:10.1007/s11051-013-2139-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Sathyan, M., Jandas, P. J., Venkatesan, M., Pillai, S. C., & John, H. (2022) · Synthetic Metals · doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2022.117080 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Worden, M., Bruckman, M. A., Kim, M. H., Steinmetz, N. F., Kikkawa, J. M., LaSpina, C., & Hegmann, T. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c5tb01138h · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A Magnetoplasmonic Imaging Agent for Copper(I) with Dual Response by MRI and Dark Field Microscopy
Weitz, E. A., Lewandowski, C. T., Smolensky, E. D., Marjańska, M., & Pierre, V. C. (2013) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn400928z · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Lundquist, C., Loo, C. P., Meraz, I. M., Cerdá, J. I., Liu, X., & Serda, R. E. (2014) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci2010051 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Rollet, A., Neveu, S., Porion, P., Dupuis, V., Cherrak, N., & Levitz, P. (2016) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c6cp06012a · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Part, F., Zaba, C., Bixner, O., Grünewald, T. A., Michor, H., Küpcü, S., Debreczeny, M., Francesco, E. D. V., Lassenberger, A., Schrittwieser, S., et al. (2018) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00431 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Thokoane, T. L., Nhlapo, T. A., Adoons, V. N., Kotsedi, L., Mokoena, T. P., Mahule, T. S., Mokhena, T. C., & Moyo, T. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.138906 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Fluorescent Single-Core and Multi-Core Nanoprobes as Cell Trackers and Magnetic Nanoheaters
García‐Acevedo, P., Gómez, M. A. G., Prieto, Á. A., Alves, L. D. C., Gudiña, R. S., Piñeiro, Y., & Rivas, J. M. (2022) · Magnetochemistry · doi:10.3390/magnetochemistry8080083 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Jung, E., Kim, S. W., Cho, A., Kim, Y., Jeong, G., Kim, J., Bhang, S. H., & Yu, T. (2019) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma12233850 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Thickness-dependent magnetic properties of inverse spinel Fe3O4
Maazouzi, A. E., Masrour, R., & Jabar, A. (2020) · Phase Transitions · doi:10.1080/01411594.2020.1771563 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Improved Biomineralization Using Cellulose Acetate/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite Membranes
Oprea, M., Pandele, A. M., Nechifor, A. C., Nicoară, A. I., Antoniac, I., Semenescu, A., Voicu, Ș. I., Enachescu, C. I., & Fratila, A. M. (2025) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym17020209 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Porru, M., Morales, M. P., Gallo‐Córdova, Á., Espinosa, A., Moros, M., Brero, F., Mariani, M., Lascialfari, A., & Ovejero, J. G. (2022) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano12193304 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Improving the Size Homogeneity of Multicore Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Yeh, B., Anani, T., & David, A. E. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21103476 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Toy, R., & Karathanasis, E. (2015) · Methods in pharmacology and toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3121-7_6 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Shabanzadeh-Kouyakhi, A. (2022) · Ceramics International · doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.06.285 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
- Authors
- Smolensky, E. D., Park, H.-Y. E., Zhou, Y., Rolla, G. A., Marjańska, M., Botta, M., & Pierre, V. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Pierre, Valérie C.
- Venue
- Journal of Materials Chemistry B
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 2818
- ISSN
- 2050-750X (ISSN-L)
- 2050-7518
- PMC
- PMC3695630
- OpenAlex
- W1993475836
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 6.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Materials Chemistry B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- University of Pennsylvania
- Regione Piemonte
- National Institutes of Health
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University
- Earth Sciences Division
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008700)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (P41EB015894)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41RR008079)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites
- Keywords
- iron oxide nanoparticles, MRI contrast agents, relaxivity, particle size effects, particle shape, faceted nanoparticles, magnetite, saturation magnetization, thermal decomposition synthesis, T1 contrast, T2 contrast, nanoparticle morphology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
