Cited by 152Advanced Glycation End Products researchRedox biology and oxidative stressGlycosylation and Glycoproteins Research

Quantitative screening of protein biomarkers of early glycation, advanced glycation, oxidation and nitrosation in cellular and extracellular proteins by tandem mass spectrometry multiple reaction monitoring

Ahmed, N., Thornalley, P.J.·2003·Biochemical Society Transactions

Abstract

Glycation of proteins forms fructosamines and AGEs (advanced glycation end products). Oxidative and nitrosative stress leads to the formation of oxidative and nitrosative modifications. The modified amino acid residues formed in these processes are biomarkers of protein damage: some are risk markers and some may be risk factors for disease development. We developed a method for the concurrent quantitative measurement of 16 biomarkers indicative of protein glycation, oxidation and nitrosation damage using LC-MS/MS (LC with tandem MS detection). Underivatized analytes were detected free in physiological fluids and in enzymatic hydrolysates of cellular and extracellular proteins. Hydroimidazolones were the most important glycation biomarkers, and methionine sulphoxide was the most important oxidative biomarker quantitatively; 3-nitrotyrosine was the biomarker of nitrosation. Quantitative screening showed high levels of AGEs in cellular protein and moderate levels in protein of blood plasma. Levels of 3-nitrotyrosine were typically 100-fold lower than this. The major glycation adducts in blood plasma had high renal clearances in normal healthy human subjects, whereas methionine sulphoxide and 3-nitrotyrosine had low renal clearances due to further metabolism. Physiological AGEs in blood plasma were eliminated from the circulation in the kidney and not in the liver. LC-MS/MS peptide mapping was also used to locate the protein biomarkers. These studies reveal that advanced glycatio…

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1042/bst0311417

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Methionine is reversibly oxidized to methionine sulfoxide and irreversibly oxidized to methionine sulfone; methionine sulfone is stable and not targeted by methionine sulfoxide reductases.

    “In contrast to the non-enzymatic oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide, the reduction is catalyzed by methionine sulfoxide reductases [20]. Further oxidation results in methionine sulfone formation, which is not targeted by methionine sulfoxide reductases and has to be considered as a stable modification [21].”

Cites

Still being checked.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ahmed, N., & Thornalley, P. J.
Affiliations
University of Essex (GB)
Venue
Biochemical Society Transactions
Published
2003-12-01
Volume
31
Issue
6
Pages
1417-1422
ISSN
  • 0300-5127 (ISSN-L)
  • 1470-8752
OpenAlex
W2136468934
Cited by
152
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
FWCI
4.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Biochemical Society Transactions (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Keywords
protein glycation, advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, protein oxidation, nitrosation, protein biomarkers, hydroimidazolone, methionine sulfoxide, nitrotyrosine, fructosamine, blood plasma, renal clearance, peptide mapping, multiple reaction monitoring, proteasomal degradation, antioxidants
MeSH terms
Glucose, Nitroso Compounds, Oxidation-Reduction, Proteins, Mass Spectrometry, Biomarkers, Glycation End Products, Advanced

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review