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Cited by 65Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingSphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling

How is the acyl chain composition of phosphoinositides created and does it matter?

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Barneda, David, Cosulich, Sabina, Stephens, Len, Hawkins, Phillip·2019·Biochemical Society Transactions
DOI 10.1042/bst20190205PMC PMC6824679
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Abstract

The phosphoinositide (PIPn) family of signalling phospholipids are central regulators in membrane cell biology. Their varied functions are based on the phosphorylation pattern of their inositol ring, which can be recognized by selective binding domains in their effector proteins and be modified by a series of specific PIPn kinases and phosphatases, which control their interconversion in a spatial and temporal manner. Yet, a unique feature of PIPns remains largely unexplored: their unusually uniform acyl chain composition. Indeed, while most phospholipids present a range of molecular species comprising acyl chains of diverse length and saturation, PIPns in several organisms and tissues show the predominance of a single hydrophobic backbone, which in mammals is composed of arachidonoyl and stearoyl chains. Despite evolution having favoured this specific PIPn configuration, little is known regarding the mechanisms and functions behind it. In this review, we explore the metabolic pathways that could control the acyl chain composition of PIPns as well as the potential roles of this selective enrichment. While our understanding of this phenomenon has been constrained largely by the technical limitations in the methods traditionally employed in the PIPn field, we believe that the latest developments in PIPn analysis should shed light onto this old question.

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  • Mammalian PI and its derivatives predominantly have stearic acid at the sn-1 position and arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position.

    “The fatty acids linked to the glycerol backbone are predominantly, stearic acid (C18:0; 18 carbons with no double bonds) at the sn-1 position and arachidonic acid (C20:4; 20 carbons with 4 double bonds) at sn-2 position [5,6] (Figure 1B).”

    From Phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate: diverse functions at the plasma membrane (2020) · cites this paper as [5]

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Authors
Barneda, D., Cosulich, S., Stephens, L., & Hawkins, P.
Affiliations
  • AstraZeneca (United Kingdom) (GB)
  • Babraham Institute (GB)
Corresponding author
Barneda, David
ORCID
Venue
Biochemical Society Transactions
Publisher
Portland Press Ltd.
Published
2019-10-28
Volume
47
Issue
5
Pages
1291-1305
ISSN
  • 0300-5127 (ISSN-L)
  • 1470-8752
DOI
10.1042/bst20190205
PMC
PMC6824679
OpenAlex
W2981565897
Cited by
65
References
127
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 3
FWCI
0.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biochemical Society Transactions (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/B/000C0432, BBS/E/B/000C0415, BB/T002530/1, BB/P013384/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
Keywords
phosphoinositides, acyl chain composition, phosphoinositide kinases, phosphoinositide phosphatase, phosphoinositide metabolism, molecular species, phosphoinositide signaling, phospholipid analysis
MeSH terms
Animals, Binding Sites, Phosphatidylinositols, Signal Transduction, 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase

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