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Perivascular adipose tissue: more than just structural support
Open accessAbstract
PVAT (perivascular adipose tissue) has recently been recognized as a novel factor in vascular biology, with implications in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Composed mainly of adipocytes, PVAT releases a wide range of biologically active molecules that modulate vascular smooth muscle cell contraction, proliferation and migration. PVAT exerts an anti-contractile effect in various vascular beds which seems to be mediated by an as yet elusive PVRF [PVAT-derived relaxing factor(s)]. Considerable progress has been made on deciphering the nature and mechanisms of action of PVRF, and the PVRFs proposed until now are reviewed here. However, complex pathways seem to regulate PVAT function and more than one mechanism is probably responsible for PVAT actions in vascular biology. The present review describes our current knowledge on the structure and function of PVAT, with a focus on its role in modulating vascular tone. Potential involvements of PVAT dysfunction in obesity, hypertension and atherosclerosis will be highlighted.
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“Due to its spatial distribution, EAT exerts mechanical protection of coronary arteries from excessive distortion and compression during the contraction of neighbouring myocardium [29,30].”
From Dysregulated epicardial adipose tissue as a risk factor and potential therapeutic target of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in diabetes (2022) · cites this paper as [29]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Szasz, T., & Webb, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, U.S.A.
- ORCID
- Webb, R. Clinton
- Venue
- Clinical Science
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 2011-09-12
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-12
- ISSN
- 0143-5221 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-8736
- PMC
- PMC3966487
- OpenAlex
- W2052860092
- Cited by
- 265
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-71138, R01HL071138, T32HL066993)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK083685, DK-83685)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Apelin-related biomedical research
- Keywords
- perivascular adipose tissue, vascular smooth muscle contraction, vascular tone, adipocytes, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Blood Vessels, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Models, Biological, Nitric Oxide, Vasoconstriction, Adipokines
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