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Cited by 219Neurobiology of Language and BilingualismLanguage Development and DisordersReading and Literacy Development

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Balancing Bilinguals: Lexical-Semantic Production and Cognitive Processing in Children Learning Spanish and English

Kohnert, Kathryn J., Bates, Elizabeth, Hernandez, Arturo E.·1999·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
DOI 10.1044/jslhr.4206.1400
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Abstract

The present study investigated developmental changes in lexical production skills in early sequential bilinguals, in both Spanish (L1) and English (L2), exploring the effects of age, years of experience, and basic-level cognitive processing (specifically the ability to resist interference) within a timed picture-naming task. To assess resistance to interference, naming was compared in low competition (blocked-single language) vs. high competition (mixed-alternating language) conditions. Participants were 100 individuals, 20 at each of 5 different age levels (5-7, 8-10, 11-13, 14-16, & young adults). All had learned Spanish as a first language in the home, with formal English experience beginning at 5 years. Gains were made in both languages across age. However, there was a developmental crossover from Spanish dominance in the youngest children, through a period of relatively balanced Spanish and English skills in middle childhood, culminating in a clear pattern of English dominance among adolescents and young adults. Although all groups experienced a greater slowing of response times in the mixed-language condition relative to the blocked-language condition, developmental changes in the pattern of speed-accuracy trade-offs in the mixed condition can be interpreted to reflect a change in the ability to resist cognitive interference during word production.

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Crossref · 10.1044/jslhr.4206.1400

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Kroll J. F., 1997, Tutorials in Bilingualism: Psychological perspectives, 169
  2. MacWhinney B., 1997, Tutorials in bilingualism: Psychological perspectives, 113
  3. Segalowitz N., 1997, Tutorials in bilingualism: Psycholinguisticperspectives, 85
  4. 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Kohnert, K. J., Bates, E., & Hernandez, A. E.
Affiliations
  • San Diego State University (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • University of California, San Diego University of California, Santa Barbara
ORCID
Bates, Elizabeth
Venue
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Publisher
American Speech Language Hearing Association
Published
1999-12
Volume
42
Issue
6
Pages
1400-1413
ISSN
  • 1092-4388 (ISSN-L)
  • 1558-9102
DOI
10.1044/jslhr.4206.1400
OpenAlex
W2050210904
Cited by
219
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 17
FWCI
3.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (P50AG005131, P50-AG05131-11)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Keywords
Spanish-English bilinguals, picture naming, interference resistance, speed-accuracy trade-off, language dominance, developmental changes, reaction time (psychology)
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Cues, Female, Humans, Language, Male, Reaction Time, Semantics, Verbal Learning, Vocabulary, Multilingualism

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