Cited by 1,638Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorGambling Behavior and Treatments

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Meta‐analysis of cue‐reactivity in addiction research

Carter, Brian L., Tiffany, Stephen T.·1999·Addiction

DOI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.9433273.x

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Abstract

Aims. The cue‐reactivity procedure exposes addicts to a variety of drug‐related stimuli while self‐report of craving and physiological responses are monitored. The present review sought to determine the magnitude and overall pattern of responses typically found in cue‐reactivity research and which, if any, learning‐based model of cue reactivity is best supported by the findings. Design. Meta‐analytical techniques were used to select and evaluate results from 41 cue‐reactivity studies that compared responses of alcoholics, cigarette smokers, cocaine addicts or heroin addicts to drug‐related versus neutral stimuli. Effect sizes were calculated, separately by addict type, for self‐report of craving and physiological responses (heart rate, sweat gland activity and skin temperature). Findings. Across all addict groups, the effect size for craving was +0.92. Alcoholics had a significantly smaller craving effect size (+0.53) compared to other addict groups (+1.18 to +1.29). Relatively smaller effect sizes were found for physiological responses. The general profile of effect sizes across all addict groups was increased heart rate (+0.26) and sweat gland activity (+0.40) and decreased skin temperature (‐0.24) when addicts were presented with drug‐related stimuli. Conclusions. The cuereactivity paradigm can produce a stable profile of significant effects and, therefore, has a number of potential applications for investigating addictive phenomena. The implications of these findings for conditioning‐based models of cue‐reactivity phenomena are discussed.

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Kleinjan, M., Engels, R. C. M. E., & DiFranza, J. R. (2015) · BMC Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12890-015-0114-z · Cited by 12
Cue-Induced Cigarette Cravings and Smoking Cessation: The Role of Expectancies
Erblich, J., & Montgomery, G. H. (2012) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntr288 · Cited by 12
The Subjective and Reinforcing Effects of Visual and Olfactory Stimuli in Alcohol Drinking.
Perkins, K. A., Ciccocioppo, M., Jacobs, L., Doyle, T. A., & Caggiula, A. R. (2003) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.11.4.269 · Cited by 12
Reductions in Craving and Negative Affect Predict 3-Month Post-Discharge Alcohol Use Following Residential Treatment
Mo, C., & Deane, F. P. (2016) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-015-9626-2 · Cited by 13
“Negative affect, either as a situational-specific condition or as a general affective state is another factor thought to instigate relapse (Carter and Tiffany 1999; Tiffany 2010; Witkiewitz and Wu 2010).”
Background
The Neuroscience of Consumer Decision-Making
Pirouz, D. M. (2004) · Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich) · Cited by 15
Increased temporal discounting and reduced model-based control in problem gambling are not substantially modulated by exposure to virtual gambling environmentsPreprint
Bruder, L. R., Wagner, B., Mathar, D., & Peters, J. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.16.459889 · Cited by 9
“Cue-reactivity 96 manifests on a physiological and subjective level[24,25].”
Background
Appetitive Needs and Addiction
Sussman, S. Y., & Pakdaman, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632591.004 · Cited by 12
Lateral habenula neurons signal step-by-step changes of reward prediction
Lee, H., & Hikosaka, O. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105440 · Cited by 10
Advancing the preclinical study of comorbid neuroHIV and substance use disorders: Current perspectives and future directions
Namba, M. D., Xie, Q., & Barker, J. M. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.021 · Cited by 10
Effects of divalproex on smoking cue reactivity and cessation outcomes among smokers achieving initial abstinence.
Ditre, J. W., Oliver, J. A., Myrick, H., Henderson, S., Saladin, M. E., & Drobes, D. J. (2012) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0027789 · Cited by 11
“…al., 2007), and numerous studies have examined how exposure to smoking-related or affective cues may increase selfreported craving to smoke (e.g., Carter & Tiffany, 1999; Drobes, 2002; Drobes & Tiffany, 1997; Juliano & Brandon, 1998; Maude-Griffin & Tiffany, 1996; Payne, Schare, Levis, &…”
Background
Neural circuits mediating food cue-reactivity: Toward a new model shaping the interplay of internal and external factors
Devoto, F., Coricelli, C., Paulesu, E., & Zapparoli, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.954523 · Cited by 12
“Neuroimaging research has focused on the cue-reactivity paradigm (4), an experimental procedure involving the examination of neurofunctional responses to the controlled exposure to stimuli (food- or drug-related) inducing craving, namely the strong and intense desire to seek and consume a substance.”
The Craving-Manager smartphone app designed to diagnose substance use/addictive disorders, and manage craving and individual predictors of relapse: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Serre, F., Moriceau, S., Donnadieu, L., Forcier, C., Garnier, H., Alexandre, J., Dupuy, L., Philip, P., Levavasseur, Y., de Sevin, É., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1143167 · Cited by 14
The role of homework in exposure-based CBT outcome for problem gambling
Riley, B. J. (2015) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459795.2015.1062532 · Cited by 11
“A conditioning interpretation of cue-reactivity has been reported widely over the past several decades in attempting to understand addicts’ reactions to various drug-related stimuli (see meta-analytic review by Carter & Tiffany, 1999).”
Background
Factors predicting smoking in a laboratory-based smoking-choice task.
Bold, K. W., Yoon, H., Chapman, G. B., & McCarthy, D. E. (2013) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0031559 · Cited by 12
The magnitude and reliability of cue-specific craving in nondependent smokers
Wray, J. M., Gass, J. C., & Tiffany, S. T. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.10.024 · Cited by 11
“Cue-reactivity is a robust phenomenon in cigarette smokers (Carter and Tiffany, 1999), but has not been widely investigated in smokers who are not nicotine dependent.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
A Translational Approach to Novel Medication Development for Protracted Abstinence
Mason, B. J., & Higley, A. E. (2012) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28720-6_201 · Cited by 12
Morphine Reward Promotes Cue-Sensitive Learning: Implication of Dorsal Striatal CREB Activity
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Differences in Magnitude of Cue Reactivity Across Durations of Smoking History: A Meta-analysis
Karelitz, J. L. (2019) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz071 · Cited by 11
“Studies were eligible if they: (1) included only nontreatment seeking smokers (cue reactivity has been shown to be blunted in treatment seeking smokers22,23); (2) recruited either adolescent smokers or adult smokers (with outcomes reported separately for each group if both groups were recruited in the same study); (3)…”
Method
Effect of nicotine lozenge use prior to smoking cue presentation on craving and withdrawal symptom severity
Kotlyar, M., Vogel, R. I., Dufresne, S. R., Mills, A. M., & Vuchetich, J. P. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107706 · Cited by 11
Emergence of negative affect as motivation for drug taking in rats chronically self-administering cocaine
Klein, S. D., Beacher, N. J., Kulik, J. M., Estrin, D. J., Pawlak, A. P., & West, M. O. (2020) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05468-1 · Cited by 11
“These findings are consistent with the concept that such craving can be aversive and with clinical models in which a perceived drug-use opportunity strengthens the urge to use drugs (Carter and Tiffany 1999) and drug responses (McCaul et al.”
Result
The Effect of Age, Gender, and Job on Skin Conductance Response among Smartphone Users Who are Prohibited from Using Their Smartphone
Hsieh, H., Hsu, H., Lin, P., Yang, Y.-J., Huang, Y., Ko, C., & Wang, H. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17072313 · Cited by 13
“Increased heart rate and sweat gland activity were found to be the key physiological indicators of craving for an addictive substance [21].”
Background

Authors: Carter, B. L., & Tiffany, S. T.
Affiliations: Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Venue: Addiction
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1999-03
Volume: 94
Issue: 3
Pages: 327-340
ISSN: 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
1360-0443
DOI: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.9433273.x
OpenAlex: W1988132969
Cited by: 1,638
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 41 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 145 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 90 · 2013: 86 · 2012: 97
FWCI: 16.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1159 d)
Locations: Addiction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (2r01da004050-09a2)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA04050)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Keywords: cue reactivity, drug craving, alcoholism, cigarette smoking, cocaine dependence, heroin addiction, physiological responses, heart rate, sweat gland activity, skin temperature
MeSH terms: Adult, Cues, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Research, Skin Temperature, Sweating, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Substance-Related Disorders

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Meta‐analysis of cue‐reactivity in addiction research

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