The red blood cell as an oxygen sensor: what is the evidence?

Ellsworth, M.L.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00708.x

Cited by 186Hemoglobin structure and functionBlood properties and coagulationErythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology

The red blood cell as an oxygen sensor: what is the evidence?

Ellsworth, M.L.·2000·Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

DOI 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00708.x

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Abstract

The matching of oxygen supply with demand requires the existence of a mechanism within the tissue capable of both sensing tissue oxygen need and inducing alterations in vascular perfusion necessary to meet that need. Historically, localized sites within the tissue and the vessels themselves have been investigated with the sensor site failing to be determined. Within the last decade, studies have focused on the red blood cell, the efficient carrier of oxygen, as a possible candidate. The red blood cell is clearly capable of sensing oxygen levels, as its extent of haemoglobin desaturation (decrease in oxygen content) is intimately tied with tissue oxygen demand. In addition, numerous studies have indicated that the red blood cell is capable of releasing increased amounts of adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) as oxygen content falls and its haemoglobin becomes desaturated. Within the vasculature, intraluminal ATP has been shown to induce a vasodilator response which is conducted along the vessels resulting in augmentation of tissue perfusion. While details of the red blood cell’s role are still under investigation, evidence presented here supports the intriguing idea that the mobile red blood cell may itself be able to augment blood flow and oxygen delivery wherever and whenever the need might arise. Such a mechanism eliminates the requirement for a diverse network of sensing sites throughout the vasculature and should provide a more efficient means of appropriately matching oxygen supply with demand.

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There is consensus that NO-erythrocytic interactions regulate vascular function, particularly that oxygen desaturation of red blood cell Hb stimulates increased vascular NO bioavailability, leading to NO-dependent hypoxic vasodilation.
“There is consensus in the field that NO-erythrocytic interactions regulate vascular function, particularly that oxygen desaturation of red blood cell Hb stimulates increased vascular NO bioavailability, leading to NO-dependent hypoxic vasodilation (266).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [266]

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Authors: Ellsworth, M. L.
Affiliations: Saint Louis University (US)
Corresponding author: Ellsworth, M.L.
Venue: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2000-04
Volume: 168
Issue: 4
Pages: 551-559
ISSN: 0001-6772 (ISSN-L)
1365-201X
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2000.00708.x
OpenAlex: W1984179683
Cited by: 186
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 734 d)
Locations: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5k04hl002602-03)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL056249, HL56249, HL 39226, HL-02602)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Blood properties and coagulation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
Keywords: tissue oxygen demand, ATP release, vasodilation, tissue perfusion, oxygen delivery
MeSH terms: Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Erythrocytes, Humans, Oxygen, Oxygen Consumption, Regional Blood Flow, Muscle, Skeletal

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The red blood cell as an oxygen sensor: what is the evidence?

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